组蛋白去甲基化酶GmLDL2的自然变异赋予大豆地理扩张过程中的开花时间差异。

Natural variation in histone demethylase GmLDL2 confers flowering time divergence for geographical expansion in soybean.

作者信息

Liu Mengshi, Fang Yuan, Jiang Jiacan, Chen Huaizhen, Yang Bing, Xu Xiaomin, Liu Guoqiang, Ling Chen, Dong Zhicheng, Yang Cunyi, Wang Yingxiang

机构信息

Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Precise Breeding of Future Crops, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China.

Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Precise Breeding of Future Crops, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for the Development Biology and Environmental Adaptation of Agricultural Organisms, South China Institute for Soybean Innovation Research, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China.

出版信息

Nat Commun. 2025 Jul 1;16(1):5687. doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-61328-6.

DOI:10.1038/s41467-025-61328-6

PMID:40593778

Abstract

Flowering at the appropriate time is one of the critical traits to determine regional adaptation and yield of soybeans. Although several genes in regulating flowering time have been identified in soybeans, the epigenetic regulators are still largely unknown. Here, we identify an early flowering mutant (ef1) and clone the causal gene as lysine-specific demethylase like 2 (GmLDL2). Enzymatic activity assay shows that GmLDL2 has demethylase activity towards H3K4me1 and H3K4me2. Integrative ChIP-seq and RNA-seq analyses demonstrate that GmLDL2 directly inhibits the expression of GmFER, an ortholog of Arabidopsis FERONIA. Genetic analysis reveals that GmLDL2 regulates soybean flowering in a GmFER-dependent manner. Interestingly, both GmLDL2 and GmLDL2 haploids display distinct demethylase activity and likely facilitate the adaptation of soybeans to low- and high-latitude regions, respectively. Together, our findings reveal the GmLDL2-GmFER module in regulating soybean flowering and provide useful information for manipulating the regional adaptability of soybeans.

摘要

在适宜时间开花是决定大豆区域适应性和产量的关键性状之一。尽管已在大豆中鉴定出几个调控开花时间的基因，但表观遗传调控因子仍 largely 未知。在此，我们鉴定出一个早花突变体（ef1），并克隆出因果基因赖氨酸特异性去甲基化酶样 2（GmLDL2）。酶活性测定表明 GmLDL2 对 H3K4me1 和 H3K4me2 具有去甲基化酶活性。整合的 ChIP-seq 和 RNA-seq 分析表明 GmLDL2 直接抑制 GmFER（拟南芥 FERONIA 的直系同源基因）的表达。遗传分析表明 GmLDL2 以 GmFER 依赖的方式调控大豆开花。有趣的是，GmLDL2 和 GmLDL2 单倍体均表现出不同的去甲基化酶活性，分别可能促进大豆对低纬度和高纬度地区的适应。总之，我们的研究结果揭示了 GmLDL2 - GmFER 模块在调控大豆开花中的作用，并为操纵大豆的区域适应性提供了有用信息。