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研究鹰嘴豆分离蛋白-芝麻油双凝胶在低脂奶油配方中有效替代脂肪的流变学特性和结构。

Investigating the rheological properties and structure of grass pea protein isolate- sesame oil bigels for effective fat substitution in low-fat cream formulation.

作者信息

Lotfi Shirazi Sorour, Koocheki Arash

机构信息

Department of Food Science and Technology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.

Department of Food Science and Technology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.

出版信息

Food Res Int. 2025 Oct;217:116820. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2025.116820. Epub 2025 Jun 9.

Abstract

In this study, bigels with optimized mechanical properties (high firmness and viscoelasticity) and long-term stability were developed to identify the most effective formula for use as a fat substitute in low-fat cream. For this purpose, bigels were prepared using different concentrations of grass pea protein isolate (GPPI) for the hydrogel and carnauba wax (CW) for the sesame oil oleogel, along with different hydrogel to oleogel mixing ratios. All bigels exhibited gel-like behavior with semicrystalline structures. The maximum hardness (1.12 N) and adhesiveness (1.61 N.s) were observed at a hydrogel to oleogel ratio of 70:30 when 9 % CW and 12 % GPPI concentrations were used. The increase in hydrogel to oleogel ratio to 70:30, GPPI concentration to 12 %, and CW concentration to 9 % resulted in a more compact structure in the bigel, which led to an increase in G' and G" values. During 90 days of storage at refrigeration temperature, no phase separation was noticed. The thermal stability of the bigels improved with increasing oleogel content, reaching optimal properties at a hydrogel to oleogel ratio of 30:70. The fluorescence micrographs showed that the bigels were of the O/W, bicontinuous, and W/O types at hydrogel to oleogel ratios of 70:30, 50:50, and 30:70, respectively. To replace fat in the cream at varying substitution levels (0 %, 25 %, and 50 %), a bigel was formulated using 12 % GPPI and 9 % carnauba wax at a 70:30 hydrogel to oleogel ratio. The results demonstrated that replacing cream fat with bigel improved the structural strength of the bigel-cream. Moreover, up to 50 % fat replacement with bigel yielded a product that closely resembled the rheological properties of commercial cream.

摘要

在本研究中,开发了具有优化机械性能(高硬度和粘弹性)和长期稳定性的双凝胶,以确定用作低脂奶油中脂肪替代品的最有效配方。为此,使用不同浓度的鹰嘴豆分离蛋白(GPPI)制备水凝胶,使用巴西棕榈蜡(CW)制备芝麻油油凝胶,并采用不同的水凝胶与油凝胶混合比例。所有双凝胶均表现出具有半结晶结构的凝胶状行为。当使用9%的CW和12%的GPPI浓度时,在水凝胶与油凝胶比例为70:30时观察到最大硬度(1.12 N)和粘附性(1.61 N·s)。水凝胶与油凝胶比例增加到70:30、GPPI浓度增加到12%以及CW浓度增加到9%导致双凝胶结构更致密,从而导致G'和G"值增加。在冷藏温度下储存90天期间,未观察到相分离。双凝胶的热稳定性随着油凝胶含量的增加而提高,在水凝胶与油凝胶比例为30:70时达到最佳性能。荧光显微镜照片显示,在水凝胶与油凝胶比例分别为70:30、50:50和30:70时,双凝胶分别为O/W型、双连续型和W/O型。为了在不同替代水平(0%、25%和50%)下替代奶油中的脂肪,使用12%的GPPI和9%的巴西棕榈蜡以70:30的水凝胶与油凝胶比例配制了一种双凝胶。结果表明,用双凝胶替代奶油脂肪可提高双凝胶-奶油的结构强度。此外,用双凝胶替代高达50%的脂肪可得到一种流变性能与市售奶油非常相似的产品。

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