调查尼日利亚医学生对住院医师培训的看法：一项全国性试点调查。

Examining the perception of residency training among Nigerian medical students: a nationwide pilot survey.

作者信息

Aderinto Nicholas, Babalola Adetola, Olatunji Gbolahan, Kokori Emmanuel, Abraham Israel Charles, Aboje John Ehi, Afolabi Samson Adedeji, Akinjola Akinlolu, Ukoaka Bonaventure Michael, Ogieuhi Ikponmwosa Jude, Egbunu Emmanuel, Igwe Stephen Chukwuemeka, Komolafe Rosemary, Moghib Khaled, Babalola Adedoyin, Taiwo Omoworare Oluwatobi

机构信息

Department of Medicine and Surgery, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, PMB 5000, Nigeria.

Faculty of Dentistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.

出版信息

BMC Med Educ. 2025 Jul 1;25(1):920. doi: 10.1186/s12909-025-07516-w.

DOI:10.1186/s12909-025-07516-w

PMID:40598257

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12211874/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Residency training is critical for preparing medical graduates for independent practice, yet Nigeria's healthcare system faces challenges like resource constraints and brain drain, potentially shaping medical students' perceptions of residency. This study examines Nigerian medical students' attitudes, expectations, and concerns regarding residency training.

METHODS

A nationwide, multi-center, cross-sectional study was conducted among 687 undergraduate medical students across Nigeria's six geopolitical zones from May to July 2024. A validated online questionnaire, adapted from the UK AIMS study, assessed specialty preferences, overall perception of residency (poor, fair, good), and satisfaction with training factors. Universities were selected from each zone, and students were recruited via student platforms. Data were analyzed using chi-square tests and multinomial logistic regression to identify factors associated with positive perceptions (p < 0.05).

RESULTS

Of 687 respondents (99.6% response rate), 31.1% rated residency training poorly, 59.7% fairly, and 9.2% favorably. Obstetrics and Gynecology (31.3%) was the top specialty choice, followed by Pediatrics (18.6%) and Neurosurgery (18.5%). Dissatisfaction was high for ease of entry (60.9%), remuneration (47.8%), and work-life balance (35.8%). Academic level was significantly associated with perception (p < 0.001), with first-year students showing higher odds of good perception (OR = 17.414, p < 0.001). Age and prior degree also correlated with perception (p = 0.002, p = 0.015), but not gender or income source. Emigration intent was notable, with 36.4% planning to train abroad.

CONCLUSION

Nigerian medical students express significant dissatisfaction with residency training, driven by systemic challenges that threaten healthcare workforce retention. Early mentorship and improved training conditions are needed to foster positive perceptions and curb brain drain. Limitations include reliance on self-reported data and preclinical students' indirect exposure, suggesting future longitudinal research.

摘要

背景

住院医师培训对于让医学毕业生为独立执业做好准备至关重要，但尼日利亚的医疗体系面临资源限制和人才外流等挑战，这可能会影响医学生对住院医师培训的看法。本研究调查了尼日利亚医学生对住院医师培训的态度、期望和担忧。

方法

2024年5月至7月，在尼日利亚六个地缘政治区的687名医科本科生中开展了一项全国性、多中心横断面研究。采用一份根据英国AIMS研究改编并经验证的在线问卷，评估专业偏好、对住院医师培训的总体看法（差、一般、好）以及对培训因素的满意度。从每个区选取大学，并通过学生平台招募学生。使用卡方检验和多项逻辑回归分析数据，以确定与积极看法相关的因素（p < 0.05）。

结果

在687名受访者中（回复率99.6%），31.1%对住院医师培训评价差，59.7%评价一般，9.2%评价好。妇产科（31.3%）是最受欢迎的专业选择，其次是儿科（18.6%）和神经外科（18.5%）。对准入的便利性（60.9%）、薪酬（47.8%）和工作与生活平衡（35.8%）的不满程度较高。学术水平与看法显著相关（p < 0.001），一年级学生对培训有良好看法的几率更高（OR = 17.414，p < 0.001）。年龄和先前学位也与看法相关（p = 0.002，p = 0.015），但与性别或收入来源无关。有明显的移民意向，36.4%的学生计划在国外接受培训。