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桑葚胚互补可恢复无精绵羊的雄性生殖系。

Morula complementation restores male germline in null sheep.

作者信息

McLean Zachariah L, Fermin Lisanne M, Appleby Sarah J, Wei Jingwei, Meng Fanli, Maclean Paul H, Perry Benjamin J, Brophy Brigid, Turner Pavla, Forrester-Gauntlett Blaise, Wells David N, Snell Russell G, Oback Björn

机构信息

Animal Biotech, AgResearch Ltd, Ruakura Research Centre, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand.

Applied Translational Research Group and Centre for Brain Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.

出版信息

PNAS Nexus. 2025 Jun 14;4(7):pgaf200. doi: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf200. eCollection 2025 Jul.

Abstract

Current livestock breeding is slow to respond to rapidly mounting environmental pressures that threaten sustainable animal protein production. New approaches can accelerate genetic improvement by multiplying valuable embryonic, rather than adult genotypes. Chimeras, derived from complementing a sterile host with a fertile donor embryo, provide a pathway to multiply and exclusively transmit elite male germlines. We established genetically sterile hosts and optimized embryo complementation conditions to achieve absolute germline transmission in sheep. The spermatogonia-specific gene was disrupted in male ( , ) and female ( ) ovine fetal fibroblasts via gRNA-Cas9-mediated homology-directed repair. Targeted cell strains and wild-type controls were used to produce cloned offspring for breeding and phenotyping. Male homozygous knockout clones lacked detectable germ cells, while the somatic compartment of the testis remained intact. By contrast, male monoallelic and female biallelic targeting of did not affect germline development, resulting in fertile animals capable of producing fertile offspring with normal reproductive performance. The germ cell niche in hosts was most efficiently complemented by aggregating compacted morulae, rather than earlier cleavage stages, resulting in 97% blastocyst chimerization. Embryo-complemented cloned lambs from two different donor cell lines showed variable chimerism across tissues from each germ layer, including various degrees of germline colonization. A subset of germline chimeras contained normal numbers of prospermatogonia, indicating that the germline was fully restored for absolute transmission of the donor cell genotype.

摘要

当前的家畜育种对迅速增加的环境压力反应迟缓,这些压力威胁着动物蛋白的可持续生产。新方法可以通过繁殖有价值的胚胎基因型而非成年基因型来加速遗传改良。嵌合体是通过用可育供体胚胎补充不育宿主而产生的,它为繁殖和专门传递优良雄性种系提供了一条途径。我们建立了基因不育宿主并优化了胚胎互补条件,以实现绵羊种系的绝对传递。通过gRNA-Cas9介导的同源定向修复,在雄性( , )和雌性( )绵羊胎儿成纤维细胞中破坏了精原细胞特异性基因。使用靶向细胞系和野生型对照来生产用于繁殖和表型分析的克隆后代。雄性纯合敲除克隆缺乏可检测到的生殖细胞,而睾丸的体细胞部分保持完整。相比之下,对 进行雄性单等位基因和雌性双等位基因靶向并不影响种系发育,从而产生了能够产生具有正常繁殖性能的可育后代的可育动物。通过聚集致密桑椹胚而非早期卵裂阶段,最有效地补充了 宿主中的生殖细胞微环境,导致囊胚嵌合率达到97%。来自两个不同供体细胞系的胚胎互补克隆羔羊在每个胚层的组织中表现出不同程度的嵌合现象,包括不同程度的种系定殖。一部分种系嵌合体含有正常数量的精原细胞前体,这表明种系已完全恢复,可实现供体细胞基因型的绝对传递。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/26ab/12218192/d8d1c90ff7bf/pgaf200f1.jpg

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