Huynh Thi My Hue, Huang Pin-Xuan, Wang Kang-Li, Tran Ngoc-Tri, Iao Hoi Man, Pan Wan-Chi, Chang Yun-Hsuan, Lien Hui-Wen, Lee Alan Yueh-Luen, Chou Tsu-Chin, Chiang Wen-Hsuan, Hu Shang-Hsiu
Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan.
National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan.
ACS Nano. 2025 Jul 15;19(27):25134-25153. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.5c05395. Epub 2025 Jul 5.
Infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes into hypovascular metastases offers significant potential for suppressing even the most intractable metastatic tumors, with dendritic cells (DCs) serving as pivotal initiators of antitumor immune responses during immunotherapy. However, the immune-privileged nature of hypovascular lung metastases combined with the inherently low immunogenicity of tumor clusters poses substantial barriers to effective lymphocyte recruitment. Here, a pH-responsive lung metastatic-targeted catalyst containing the tumor penetration polymer (TP)/solid lipids (SL)-coated Prussian blue (TP-SL@PB)-enhanced PD-L1 siRNA delivery and self-cascade antigen capture is developed for reprogramming immunodeficiency. Intravenously injected TP-SL@PB accumulated in the blood vessel-poor lung metastases via the organ-selective targeting and charge conversion of TP. In tumor clusters, SL@PB exerts catalytic and lysosomal escape effects, easily enhancing siRNA delivery and thus downregulating PD-L1. Catalysis also promotes the release of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), including neoantigens and damage-associated molecular patterns. Subsequently, both positive TPs and SLs on PBs can act as antigen sponges to deliver TAAs to dendritic cells, thereby inducing long-term immune activation. TP-SL@PB acts as a hypovascularized lung metastasis-penetrating catalytic nanosponge, selecting T cells to infiltrate metastases and enhance immunotherapy.
细胞毒性T淋巴细胞浸润到低血运转移灶中,为抑制甚至是最顽固的转移性肿瘤提供了巨大潜力,在免疫治疗过程中,树突状细胞(DCs)作为抗肿瘤免疫反应的关键启动者。然而,低血运肺转移灶的免疫豁免特性,加上肿瘤团簇固有的低免疫原性,对有效的淋巴细胞募集构成了重大障碍。在此,开发了一种pH响应性肺转移靶向催化剂,其包含肿瘤穿透聚合物(TP)/固体脂质(SL)包被的普鲁士蓝(TP-SL@PB),可增强PD-L1 siRNA递送并进行自级联抗原捕获,用于重编程免疫缺陷。静脉注射的TP-SL@PB通过TP的器官选择性靶向和电荷转换,在血运较差的肺转移灶中蓄积。在肿瘤团簇中,SL@PB发挥催化和溶酶体逃逸作用,轻松增强siRNA递送,从而下调PD-L1。催化作用还促进肿瘤相关抗原(TAAs)的释放,包括新抗原和损伤相关分子模式。随后,PBs上的阳性TPs和SLs都可作为抗原海绵,将TAAs递送至树突状细胞,从而诱导长期免疫激活。TP-SL@PB作为一种可穿透低血运肺转移灶的催化纳米海绵,选择T细胞浸润转移灶并增强免疫治疗。
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