Bergmann Marie Louise, Klausen Mia Bundgaard, Holm Lotte, Andersen Jens Rikardt, Jensen Jens-Ulrik Stæhr, Meteran Howraman
Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark.
Department of Food and Resource Economics, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
Eur Clin Respir J. 2025 Jul 9;12(1):2529054. doi: 10.1080/20018525.2025.2529054. eCollection 2025.
Loss of appetite in patients with COPD can lead to malnutrition, which is associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality.
To identify factors associated with loss of appetite among COPD patients and explore their' experiences regarding appetite and eating.
A questionnaire on demographics, medical history and containing the Council on Nutrition Appetite Questionnaire (CNAQ) was posted in a COPD-specific online forum. CNAQ is validated to examine loss of appetite in older adults. The questionnaire contains 8 questions with five ordinal answer options. Ten patients who answered the questionnaire were randomly recruited for semi-structured phone interviews.
Eighty-seven patients responded to the questionnaire. 61% had loss of appetite. Patients with loss of appetite had a lower FEV1% predicted (31% vs. 42%, = 0.03), higher CAT-score, (23 vs. 18, = 0.002), and a higher proportion lived alone, (68% vs. 32%, = 0.02), and got all daily meals delivered (19% vs. 0%, = 0.009). Among the interviewed patients, the following factors influenced their appetite: Lack of daily routine, insufficient knowledge on nutrition, lack of social contact, bodily limitations, inadequate help and support, limited physical activity and lack of acceptance of life situation.
Patients with loss of appetite are characterized by a low BMI, impaired lung function, more symptoms and live alone. Improvement in social contact and support, nutritional support, and acceptance of their current life situation will help address these challenges.
慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者食欲不振会导致营养不良，而营养不良与发病和死亡风险增加相关。
确定COPD患者中与食欲不振相关的因素，并探讨他们在食欲和饮食方面的经历。
一份关于人口统计学、病史且包含营养食欲问卷委员会（CNAQ）的问卷发布在一个特定的COPD在线论坛上。CNAQ经过验证可用于检查老年人的食欲不振情况。该问卷包含8个问题，有五个有序答案选项。随机招募了10名回答问卷的患者进行半结构化电话访谈。
87名患者回复了问卷。61%的患者有食欲不振的情况。食欲不振的患者预测的第一秒用力呼气容积（FEV1）百分比更低（31%对42%，P = 0.03）；慢性阻塞性肺疾病评估测试（CAT）得分更高（23对18，P = 0.002）；独自生活的比例更高（68%对32%，P = 0.02）；并且所有日常饮食都由他人送来的比例更高（19%对0%，P = 0.009）。在接受访谈的患者中，以下因素影响了他们的食欲：缺乏日常规律、营养知识不足、缺乏社交联系、身体限制、帮助和支持不足、身体活动有限以及对生活状况缺乏接受度。
食欲不振的患者具有体重指数低、肺功能受损、症状更多且独自生活的特点。改善社交联系和支持、营养支持以及接受他们当前的生活状况将有助于应对这些挑战
