Li Tianjie, Hou Jian, Xiao Bo, Li Jianxing, Liu Xiaodong
Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
Department of Urology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing, China.
Front Nutr. 2025 Jul 1;12:1603078. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1603078. eCollection 2025.
The relationship between adherence to a combined healthy lifestyle and the risk of overactive bladder (OAB) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between a composite healthy lifestyle score and risk of OAB in a nationally representative sample of adults.
This cross-sectional study utilized data from 20,195 non-pregnant adults aged 20-79 years in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2020. A healthy lifestyle score was constructed based on five components: current non-smoking, low-to-moderate alcohol consumption, adequate physical activity, a healthy diet, and optimal waist circumference. OAB was defined using self-reported urinary urgency incontinence and nocturia symptoms. Weighted multivariable logistic regression models were employed to assess the association between the healthy lifestyle score and risk of OAB, adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic, and clinical covariates.
Among the 20,195 participants, 3,901 (14.58%) were identified as having OAB. A higher HLS was inversely associated with risk of OAB in a dose-response manner. Compared with individuals having 0-1 healthy lifestyle factors, those with 4-5 factors had a 46% lower risk of OAB (adjusted OR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.45-0.65). Each additional healthy lifestyle factor was associated with a 17% lower risk of OAB (OR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.79-0.88). Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these associations. Among individual components, non-smoking, moderate alcohol intake, regular physical activity, a healthy diet, and optimal waist circumference were each independently associated with a lower risk of OAB.
Adherence to a combination of healthy lifestyle behaviors was significantly associated with a lower risk of OAB. These findings emphasize the potential role of lifestyle-based interventions in OAB prevention and management. Given the rising prevalence of OAB, particularly in aging populations, incorporating lifestyle modifications into clinical and public health strategies may offer an effective, non-pharmacological approach to mitigating risk of OAB. Further longitudinal studies are warranted to establish causality and elucidate the underlying biological mechanisms.
坚持综合健康生活方式与膀胱过度活动症（OAB）风险之间的关系尚不清楚。本研究旨在调查在全国具有代表性的成年人样本中，综合健康生活方式评分与OAB风险之间的关联。
这项横断面研究利用了2007 - 2020年国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）中20195名年龄在20 - 79岁之间的非妊娠成年人的数据。基于五个组成部分构建了一个健康生活方式评分：当前不吸烟、低至中度饮酒、充足的体育活动、健康饮食和最佳腰围。OAB通过自我报告的尿急失禁和夜尿症状来定义。采用加权多变量逻辑回归模型来评估健康生活方式评分与OAB风险之间的关联，并对人口统计学、社会经济和临床协变量进行了调整。
在20195名参与者中，3901人（14.58%）被确定患有OAB。较高的健康生活方式评分与OAB风险呈剂量反应关系的负相关。与具有0 - 1个健康生活方式因素的个体相比，具有4 - 5个因素的个体患OAB的风险降低了46%（调整后的OR：0.54，95% CI：0.45 - 0.65）。每增加一个健康生活方式因素，患OAB的风险就降低17%（OR：0.83，95% CI：0.79 - 0.88）。敏感性分析证实了这些关联的稳健性。在各个组成部分中，不吸烟、适度饮酒、规律体育活动、健康饮食和最佳腰围各自独立地与较低的OAB风险相关。
坚持综合健康生活方式行为与较低的OAB风险显著相关。这些发现强调了基于生活方式的干预措施在OAB预防和管理中的潜在作用。鉴于OAB的患病率不断上升，特别是在老年人群中，将生活方式改变纳入临床和公共卫生策略可能提供一种有效的非药物方法来降低OAB风险。有必要进行进一步的纵向研究以确定因果关系并阐明潜在的生物学机制。
