Kchikich Anass, Amraoui Belkassem El, Nhhala Nada, Krid Azzouz, Kchikich Amr, Kounnoun Ayoub, Ouahmane Loubna, Nhiri Mohamed, Nhiri Naima
Laboratory of Analysis, Modeling, Engineering, Natural Substances and Environment, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudant, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco.
Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco.
Protoplasma. 2025 Jul 15. doi: 10.1007/s00709-025-02095-5.
This study aims to understand the effect of inoculation by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Glomus intraradices (AMF) on the regulation of carbon and nitrogen sensibility and the antioxidant system in Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench plants under lead (Pb) stress (750 ppm). Plant morphology, accumulation of lead, IAA, HO, MDA, and chlorophyll contents were assayed. The enzymes involved in the carbon/nitrogen interaction as well as the antioxidant enzymes were evaluated via a two-factor pot experiment (inoculation by AMF and stress by Pb). AMFs attenuate Pb damage by upregulating the antioxidant system: superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione s-transferase (GST), and glutathione reductase (GR). Similarly, the activity of each of the key enzymes responsible for the interaction of nitrogen and carbon metabolic pathways, glutamine synthetase (GS), glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC), and aspartate aminotransferase (AAT), were measured and showed a significant increase in mycorrhizal plants. AMF inoculation decreased HO and MDA content and increased the indole acetic acid (IAA) content, which indicates that mycorrhizal inoculation has a great ability to attenuate Pb resistance. Pb stress also negatively affected plant growth by disrupting carbon and nitrogen enzymatic pathways as well as the antioxidant system. Therefore, inoculation with AMFs reduced Pb fullness by decreasing its accumulation in sorghum leaves and roots and regulating the enzymatic system involved in plant growth.
本研究旨在了解接种丛枝菌根真菌根内球囊霉（AMF）对铅（Pb）胁迫（750 ppm）下高粱植株碳氮敏感性调节及抗氧化系统的影响。测定了植株形态、铅、吲哚乙酸（IAA）、过氧化氢（HO）、丙二醛（MDA）的积累以及叶绿素含量。通过双因素盆栽试验（接种AMF和Pb胁迫）评估了参与碳/氮相互作用的酶以及抗氧化酶。AMF通过上调抗氧化系统来减轻Pb损害：超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶（GST）和谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）。同样，对负责氮和碳代谢途径相互作用的关键酶谷氨酰胺合成酶（GS）、谷氨酸脱氢酶（GDH）、磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶（PEPC）和天冬氨酸转氨酶（AAT）的活性进行了测定，结果表明菌根植株中这些酶的活性显著增加。接种AMF降低了HO和MDA含量，增加了吲哚乙酸（IAA）含量，这表明接种菌根具有很强的减轻Pb抗性的能力。Pb胁迫还通过破坏碳氮酶促途径以及抗氧化系统对植株生长产生负面影响。因此，接种AMF通过减少Pb在高粱叶和根中的积累并调节参与植株生长的酶系统，降低了Pb含量。
