Valladales-Restrepo Luis Fernando, Aristizábal-Carmona Brayan Stiven, Londoño-Toro Luisa María, Del Valle Jaramillo-Lima Mariavictoria, Osorno-Ríos Mariana, Machado-Alba Jorge Enrique
Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira-Audifarma S.A, Grupo de Investigación en Farmacoepidemiología y Farmacovigilancia, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia; Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Facultad de Medicina, Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Pereira, Colombia; Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Facultad de Medicina, Semillero de Investigación en Farmacología Geriátrica, Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia.
Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Facultad de Medicina, Semillero de Investigación en Farmacología Geriátrica, Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia.
Braz J Infect Dis. 2025 Jul 16;29(5):104572. doi: 10.1016/j.bjid.2025.104572.
Inappropriate use of antibiotics plays a key role in increasing bacterial resistance. The aim was to determine the prescription patterns and approved and unapproved indications for the use of penicillins in a group of patients from Colombia. This was a cross-sectional study on the use of penicillins in outpatients. The subjects were identified from a population-based drug dispensing database. Approved and unapproved indications were determined from records of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of the United States and the National Institute of Food and Drug Surveillance (INVIMA) of Colombia. Descriptive and multivariate analyses were performed. A total of 137,070 patients were identified; the average age was 35.8 ± 23.5 years, and 56.2 % were women. Amoxicillin (73.4 %), dicloxacillin (11.7 %) and sultamicillin (6.0 %) were the most prescribed penicillins, mainly for upper respiratory tract infections (43.0 %). In 68.9 % cases, penicillins were used for approved indications, especially to treat Helicobacter pylori (17.3 %). In 31.1 % of cases, penicillin prescriptions were used for unapproved indications (acute rhinopharyngitis: 8.1 %). Patients with skin and soft tissue infections (aOR = 2.82; 95 % CI 2.57‒3.09), with lower respiratory tract infections (aOR = 2.02; 95 % CI 1.89‒2.16), and those treated with dicloxacillin (aOR = 2.84; 95 % CI 2.07‒3.89) were more likely to be prescribed penicillins for unapproved indications. Amoxicillin was the most widely used penicillin in outpatients. Penicillins were frequently used for unapproved indications not recommended by drug regulatory agencies.
抗生素的不当使用在增加细菌耐药性方面起着关键作用。目的是确定哥伦比亚一组患者中青霉素的处方模式以及批准和未批准的使用适应症。这是一项关于门诊患者使用青霉素的横断面研究。研究对象从基于人群的药品配药数据库中识别。批准和未批准的适应症根据美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）和哥伦比亚国家食品药品监督管理局（INVIMA）的记录确定。进行了描述性和多变量分析。共识别出137070名患者；平均年龄为35.8±23.5岁，56.2%为女性。阿莫西林（73.4%）、双氯西林（11.7%）和舒他西林（6.0%）是最常处方的青霉素，主要用于上呼吸道感染（43.0%）。在68.9%的病例中，青霉素用于批准的适应症，尤其是治疗幽门螺杆菌（17.3%）。在31.1%的病例中，青霉素处方用于未批准的适应症（急性鼻咽炎：8.1%）。患有皮肤和软组织感染的患者（调整后比值比[aOR]=2.82；95%可信区间[CI]2.57‒3.09）、患有下呼吸道感染的患者（aOR=2.02；95%CI 1.89‒2.16）以及接受双氯西林治疗的患者（aOR=2.84；95%CI 2.07‒3.89）更有可能被处方用于未批准适应症的青霉素。阿莫西林是门诊患者中使用最广泛的青霉素。青霉素经常被用于药品监管机构不推荐的未批准适应症。
