Lei Jieyu, Jiang Rulan, Gong Meihui, Wu Huimin, Chen Wenli, Xu Xinjun
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
Cardiovascular Disease Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China.
Anal Methods. 2025 Jul 31;17(30):6199-6208. doi: 10.1039/d5ay00471c.
Codonopsis Radix (CR), a traditional Chinese medicine with significant medicinal value, has been widely used for many years. In this study, a comprehensive quality evaluation system for CR from different regions was established using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). First, the optimal extraction conditions for two glycoside components from CR were determined through response surface methodology, with the following parameters: a methanol ratio of 80%, an extraction time of 35 min, and a liquid-to-solid ratio of 50 : 1. This optimized extraction method was applied to both fingerprinting and quantitative analysis. In the quantitative analysis, the calibration curves exhibited excellent linearity ( ≥ 0.9998) within the tested range, and the mean recoveries ranged from 99.46% to 101.51%. A common fingerprint, consisting of 13 characteristic peaks, was established for CR samples from different production areas in China. HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS was used to further identify the common peaks in the fingerprint. Various chemometrics analyses, including similarity analysis (SA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), principal component analysis (PCA), and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), were employed to classify the samples. Among these methods, OPLS-DA was particularly effective in distinguishing CR samples of different plant sources. The results demonstrate that the established method is effective for the comprehensive quality evaluation of CR, providing a reliable approach for its quality control and standardization.
党参是一种具有重要药用价值的传统中药，多年来一直被广泛使用。在本研究中，采用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）建立了不同产地党参的综合质量评价体系。首先，通过响应面法确定了党参中两种糖苷成分的最佳提取条件，参数如下：甲醇比例80%，提取时间35分钟，液固比50∶1。这种优化的提取方法应用于指纹图谱和定量分析。在定量分析中，校准曲线在测试范围内呈现出良好的线性关系（≥0.9998），平均回收率在99.46%至101.51%之间。为中国不同产地的党参样品建立了由13个特征峰组成的共有指纹图谱。采用HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS进一步鉴定指纹图谱中的共有峰。运用了多种化学计量学分析方法，包括相似度分析（SA）、层次聚类分析（HCA）、主成分分析（PCA）和正交偏最小二乘判别分析（OPLS-DA）对样品进行分类。在这些方法中，OPLS-DA在区分不同植物来源的党参样品方面特别有效。结果表明，所建立的方法对于党参的综合质量评价是有效的，为其质量控制和标准化提供了可靠的方法。
