Banerjee Basudha, Halder Sayanti, Kumar Shubham, Chaddha Muskan, Ali Raiyan, Mohite Ramakant, Bano Muskan, Pandey Rajesh
Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease Biology, INtegrative GENomics of Hope-PathogEn (INGEN-HOPE) Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), Mall Road, Delhi 110007, India.
Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
Brief Funct Genomics. 2025 Jan 15;24. doi: 10.1093/bfgp/elaf011.
The misuse and overprescription of antibiotics have accelerated the rise of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), rendering many antibiotics ineffective and leading to significant clinical challenges. The conventional treatment methods have become progressively challenging, posing a threat of evolving into an impending silent pandemic. The long track record of bacteriophages combating bacterial infections has renewed hope into the potential therapeutic benefits of bacteriophages. Bacteriophage therapy offers a promising alternative to antibiotics, particularly against multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens. This article explores the promise of phages as a potential means to combat superbugs from the perspective of the genomic and transcriptomic landscape of the phages and their bacterial host. Advances in bacteriophage genomics have expedited the detection of new phages and AMR genes, enhancing our understanding of phage-host interactions and enabling the identification of potential treatments for antibiotic-resistant bacteria. At the same time, holo-transcriptomic studies hold potential for discovering disease and context-specific transcriptionally active phages vis-à-vis disease severity. Holo-transcriptomic profiling can be applied to investigate the presence of AMR-bacteria, highlighting COVID-19 and Dengue diseases, in addition to the globally recognized ESKAPE pathogens. By simultaneously capturing phage, bacterial and host transcripts, this approach enables a better comprehension of the bacteriophage dynamics. Moreover, insight into these defence and counter-defence interactions is essential for augmenting the adoption of phage therapy at scale and advancing bacterial control in clinical settings.
抗生素的滥用和过度处方加速了抗菌药物耐药性(AMR)的出现,使许多抗生素失效,并带来了重大的临床挑战。传统的治疗方法变得越来越具有挑战性,有可能演变成一场迫在眉睫的无声大流行。噬菌体对抗细菌感染的悠久历史重新燃起了人们对其潜在治疗益处的希望。噬菌体疗法为抗生素提供了一种有前景的替代方案,特别是针对多重耐药(MDR)病原体。本文从噬菌体及其细菌宿主的基因组和转录组格局的角度,探讨了噬菌体作为对抗超级细菌的潜在手段的前景。噬菌体基因组学的进展加快了新噬菌体和AMR基因的检测,增进了我们对噬菌体-宿主相互作用的理解,并有助于确定抗生素耐药细菌的潜在治疗方法。同时,全转录组研究有潜力发现与疾病严重程度相关的、针对特定疾病和背景的转录活跃噬菌体。全转录组分析可用于调查AMR细菌的存在情况,除了全球公认的ESKAPE病原体外,还突出了新冠肺炎和登革热疾病。通过同时捕获噬菌体、细菌和宿主转录本,这种方法能够更好地理解噬菌体动态。此外,深入了解这些防御和反防御相互作用对于扩大噬菌体疗法的应用规模和推进临床环境中的细菌控制至关重要。
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