Wojciechowski Łukasz, Sydow Zuzanna, Bula Karol, Runka Tomasz
Institute of Machines and Motor Vehicles, Poznań University of Technology, 60-965 Poznań, Poland.
Institute of Material Technology, Poznań University of Technology, 60-965 Poznań, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2025 Jul 8;18(14):3216. doi: 10.3390/ma18143216.
Biodegradable composite materials enhanced with food waste for tribological applications are proposed in this article. Polymer materials used as matrices included polypropylene and polylactic acid, which, according to the manufacturers' claims, were made entirely or partially from biodegradable raw materials. Additionally, the matrices were enhanced with three types of waste materials: powders derived from cherry and plum stones, and pomace extracted from flax seeds. The composites differed in the percentage content of filler (15 or 25 wt.%) and particle size (d < 400 µm or d > 400 µm). Thirty-minute block-on-ring friction tests were performed to determine frictional behaviour (when pairing with steel), and the wear mechanisms were analysed using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, supplemented with Raman spectroscopy. A notable effect of cherry and plum stone fillers was observed as a reduction in motion resistance, as measured by the friction coefficient. This reduction was evident across all material configurations in polypropylene-based composites and was significant at the lowest concentrations and granulation in polylactic acid composites. The effect of flaxseed pomace filler was ambiguous for both composite bases.
本文提出了用于摩擦学应用的、以食物废料增强的可生物降解复合材料。用作基体的聚合物材料包括聚丙烯和聚乳酸，据制造商称，它们全部或部分由可生物降解的原材料制成。此外，基体还用三种类型的废料进行了增强：樱桃核和李核衍生的粉末，以及从亚麻籽中提取的果渣。这些复合材料在填料的百分比含量（15或25重量%）和粒径（d < 400 µm或d > 400 µm）方面有所不同。进行了30分钟的块-环摩擦试验以确定摩擦行为（与钢配对时），并使用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜分析磨损机制，辅以拉曼光谱。观察到樱桃核和李核填料有显著效果，即摩擦系数测量的运动阻力降低。在基于聚丙烯的复合材料的所有材料配置中，这种降低都很明显，并且在聚乳酸复合材料中，在最低浓度和粒度下这种降低是显著的。亚麻籽果渣填料对两种复合材料基体的影响不明确。
