中国典型工业金属生产工艺的综合环境评估

Comprehensive environmental assessment of typical Chinese industrial metal production processes.

作者信息

Wang Zhaolong, Cui Han, Yan Wenyi, Zhang Guangming, Wang Pengfei, Liu Xiaoyang, Ren Zhijun, Sun Zhi, Gao Wenfang

机构信息

National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Engineering Research Centre of Process Pollution Control, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.

University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.

出版信息

iScience. 2025 Jun 26;28(8):113011. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.113011. eCollection 2025 Aug 15.

DOI:10.1016/j.isci.2025.113011

PMID:40740491

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12309966/

Abstract

To promote energy conservation and emission reduction, a quantitative assessment of pollutants from metal production is imperative. However, conventional life cycle assessment cannot provide detail environmental impact assessment for pollutants (e.g., waste water, waste gas, and solid waste) in metal productions. In this research, by analyzing 39 kinds of pollutants, a comprehensive environmental assessment (CEA) was conducted for 31 kinds of typical industrial metal-production processes in China. For CEA, Li, In, Cr, K, and Hg have higher environmental impact. Under global warming potential (GWP), 5 metals with higher carbon emission impacts are as follows: Nb > Ta > Mo > Cr > Au. A comprehensive analysis of CEA and GWP revealed that Cr has the most severe environmental impact (CEA: 74.99; GWP: 48500 kg CO eq./kg), while Ca exhibits the minimal influence (CEA: 0.05; GWP: 1.02 kg CO eq./kg). Overall, this research offers valuable insights to optimize relevant production processes.

摘要

为促进节能减排，对金属生产中的污染物进行定量评估势在必行。然而，传统的生命周期评估无法对金属生产中的污染物（如废水、废气和固体废物）进行详细的环境影响评估。在本研究中，通过分析39种污染物，对中国31种典型工业金属生产工艺进行了综合环境评估（CEA）。对于CEA，锂、铟、铬、钾和汞具有较高的环境影响。在全球变暖潜能值（GWP）方面，5种碳排放影响较高的金属如下：铌＞钽＞钼＞铬＞金。对CEA和GWP的综合分析表明，铬的环境影响最为严重（CEA：74.99；GWP：48500 kg CO₂eq./kg），而钙的影响最小（CEA：0.05；GWP：1.02 kg CO₂eq./kg）。总体而言，本研究为优化相关生产工艺提供了有价值的见解。