Ward Jeanne M, Blosnich John R
University of Southern California, Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, 669 W 34 St., Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15240, USA.
Rural Ment Health. 2025 Jul;49(3):166-176. doi: 10.1037/rmh0000303. Epub 2025 Apr 21.
Farmers are disproportionately affected by suicide, necessitating culturally appropriate interventions. This analysis sought to identify factors related to suicides among United States farmers and farm workers from 2014-2021 and examine seasonality trends compared to those in the general population. Data from the National Violent Death Resources System (NVDRS) Restricted Access Database were used. Bivariate statistics and logistic regression investigated correlates (month, meteorological season, sex, race/ethnicity, marital status, education level, stressors, and age) predicting farmer versus nonfarmer suicides. After filtering occupation codes and death dates, 3,410 farming and 207,501 nonfarming individuals were included. In unadjusted models, farmer decedents were significantly more likely than nonfarmers to be older, male, White, and married or in a domestic partnership or civil union, with lower educational attainment. Spring and summer showed the highest prevalence of suicide among both groups. In unadjusted models, farmers were significantly more likely to have experienced a physical health problem but not more likely than nonfarmers to have experienced a financial stressor. In adjusted models, meteorological season, month of death, and physical or financial problems were not significant predictors for farmer versus nonfarmer suicide, but age, race, marital status, sex, and education level were. The peak of suicides in warmer seasons and socio-demographic differences are consistent with previous findings. Financial stressors were no different than those of the general population, suggesting farmers require coping strategies beyond financial ones. The findings provide implications for future research and public health interventions aimed at reducing farmer suicide, especially the timing.
农民受自杀影响的比例过高,因此需要采取符合文化背景的干预措施。本分析旨在确定2014年至2021年美国农民和农场工人自杀相关因素,并与普通人群相比研究季节性趋势。使用了国家暴力死亡资源系统(NVDRS)受限访问数据库的数据。双变量统计和逻辑回归研究了预测农民自杀与非农民自杀的相关因素(月份、气象季节、性别、种族/族裔、婚姻状况、教育水平、压力源和年龄)。在筛选职业代码和死亡日期后,纳入了3410名从事农业的个体和207501名非农业个体。在未调整模型中,农民死者比非农民死者更有可能年龄较大、为男性、是白人、已婚或处于同居关系或民事结合关系,且教育程度较低。春季和夏季在两组中自杀发生率最高。在未调整模型中,农民更有可能经历身体健康问题,但在经历财务压力源方面并不比非农民更常见。在调整模型中,气象季节、死亡月份以及身体或财务问题并非农民自杀与非农民自杀的显著预测因素,但年龄、种族、婚姻状况、性别和教育水平是。温暖季节自杀高峰以及社会人口统计学差异与先前研究结果一致。财务压力源与普通人群无异,这表明农民需要除财务应对策略之外的其他应对策略。研究结果为未来旨在减少农民自杀的研究和公共卫生干预措施提供了启示,尤其是干预时机方面。
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