正畸治疗改善牙龈形态对称参数：一项回顾性研究。

Orthodontic treatment improves gingival morphological symmetry parameters: a retrospective study.

作者信息

Wang Yibo, Wang Siyi, Chen Yu, Lin Kaijin, Gao Guanglin, Wu Shanshan, Zhao Wei, Zheng Minqian, Guo Jianbin

机构信息

Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, No. 246 Yangqiao Middle Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China.

Institute of Stomatology & Research Center of Dental and Craniofacial Implants, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, No. 246 Yangqiao Middle Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China.

出版信息

BMC Oral Health. 2025 Jul 31;25(1):1285. doi: 10.1186/s12903-025-06452-x.

DOI:10.1186/s12903-025-06452-x

PMID:40745542

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12315202/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The pursuit of an aesthetically pleasing smile is closely tied to the symmetry of teeth and gingival morphology, yet the impact of orthodontic treatment on gingival contour symmetry remains underexplored. This study aims to investigate the effects of orthodontic treatment on gingival morphology symmetry.

METHODS

This retrospective study includes 50 eligible patients as the experimental group and 50 healthy individuals as the control group. Digital intraoral scans were performed for malocclusion patients both before and after clear aligner treatment, as well as for individuals in the control group. Geomagic Control X software was used to assess quantitative indices affecting gingival morphology and contour symmetry. Specifically, mean deviation distance (MDD) was used to measure the average deviation of gingival points relative to the contralateral gingival contour, root mean square (RMS) to reflect the overall level of deviation across all gingival points, and the percentage within tolerance to indicate the proportion of points falling within the tolerance range. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 24 software, with significance set at < 0.05. The reproducibility of measurements was assessed by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).

RESULTS

Significant statistical differences in gingival contour symmetry measurements were observed within the study group before and after orthodontic treatment. ( < 0.001). Comparisons between the postorthodontic group and the control group revealed no significant differences in most gingival contour symmetry parameters. Additionally, there were no statistically significant differences in the mean changes of MDD and RMS across different tooth positions before and after orthodontic treatment. However, a statistically significant difference was observed in the changes of percentage within tolerance ( = 0.019) across tooth positions before and after orthodontic treatment.

CONCLUSION

Orthodontic treatment significantly enhances gingival contour symmetry in patients with mild anterior crowding and skeletal Class I malocclusion. A comparison of the gingival morphology symmetry in the anterior teeth between postorthodontic patients and healthy individuals revealed no statistically significant differences.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

This study was approved by the Biomedical Research Ethics Committee of Stomatology Hospital of Fujian Medical University (approval no. 2024-14).

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12903-025-06452-x.

摘要

背景

对美观笑容的追求与牙齿和牙龈形态的对称性密切相关，但正畸治疗对牙龈轮廓对称性的影响仍未得到充分研究。本研究旨在探讨正畸治疗对牙龈形态对称性的影响。

方法

本回顾性研究包括50例符合条件的患者作为实验组，50例健康个体作为对照组。对错牙合畸形患者在使用透明矫治器治疗前后以及对照组个体进行数字化口内扫描。使用Geomagic Control X软件评估影响牙龈形态和轮廓对称性的定量指标。具体而言，平均偏差距离（MDD）用于测量牙龈点相对于对侧牙龈轮廓的平均偏差，均方根（RMS）用于反映所有牙龈点的总体偏差水平，以及公差范围内的百分比用于表示落在公差范围内的点的比例。使用SPSS 24软件进行统计分析，显著性设定为<0.05。测量的可重复性通过组内相关系数（ICC）进行评估。

结果

在正畸治疗前后的研究组中，观察到牙龈轮廓对称性测量存在显著统计学差异（<0.001）。正畸治疗后组与对照组之间的比较显示，大多数牙龈轮廓对称性参数无显著差异。此外，正畸治疗前后不同牙位的MDD和RMS的平均变化无统计学显著差异。然而，正畸治疗前后不同牙位的公差范围内百分比的变化存在统计学显著差异（=0.019）。