El-Khoury Gaelle, Hajjar Crystel, Geitani Regina, Karam Sarkis Dolla, Butel Marie-José, Barbut Frédéric, Abifadel Marianne, Kapel Nathalie
Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
INSERM S-1139, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
Front Microbiol. 2025 Jul 18;16:1605143. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2025.1605143. eCollection 2025.
Respiratory viral infections are a major public health concern, accounting for millions of infections annually and contributing significantly to global morbidity and mortality. Influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) have long been recognized as critical pathogens, while the recent emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to the COVID-19 pandemic. These viruses typically affect both the upper and lower respiratory tracts and can cause a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations, ranging from mild symptoms to severe respiratory failure and multi-organ dysfunction. Gastrointestinal symptoms are also frequently reported, suggesting a potential link between respiratory viruses and gut microbiota alterations. This connection highlights the role of the gut microbiota in disease pathophysiology. This narrative review summarizes current evidence on gut microbiota changes associated with SARS-CoV-2, influenza, and RSV infections. It further explores the microbiota's role in immune regulation and host homeostasis, and discusses the potential of microbiota-targeted strategies in the prevention and management of acute respiratory syndromes.
呼吸道病毒感染是一个重大的公共卫生问题，每年造成数百万例感染，并对全球发病率和死亡率有显著影响。长期以来，流感和呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）一直被认为是关键病原体，而严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）的近期出现导致了COVID-19大流行。这些病毒通常会影响上呼吸道和下呼吸道，并可引起广泛的临床表现，从轻微症状到严重呼吸衰竭和多器官功能障碍。胃肠道症状也经常被报道，这表明呼吸道病毒与肠道微生物群改变之间可能存在联系。这种联系突出了肠道微生物群在疾病病理生理学中的作用。这篇叙述性综述总结了目前关于与SARS-CoV-2、流感和RSV感染相关的肠道微生物群变化的证据。它进一步探讨了微生物群在免疫调节和宿主稳态中的作用，并讨论了以微生物群为靶点的策略在急性呼吸综合征预防和管理中的潜力。
