Murata Akihiko, Tokoyoda Koji
Division of Immunology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, School of Life Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori, Japan.
Front Immunol. 2025 Jul 28;16:1590687. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1590687. eCollection 2025.
In contact hypersensitivity (CHS), local immune memory is established in previously affected skin through the formation of CD4 and CD8 tissue-resident memory T (T) cells. This memory contributes to disease recurrence by enhancing local antigen responsiveness and is maintained in the long term by T cells, particularly CD4 T cells. However, the mechanisms underlying the maintenance and reactivation of CD4 T cells remain unclear. We herein examined the cellular niches persistently interacting with CD4 T cells in naïve and CHS-healed mouse ear skin. Most CD4 T cells were scattered in the dermis and colocalized with Folr2 macrophages, a previously unrecognized skin macrophage population, suggesting a physical interaction. In contrast, fewer than 20% of CD4 T cells colocalized with dendritic cells (DCs) or other cell lineages. The administration of an anti-colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) antibody depleted nearly all Folr2 macrophages and several other myeloid cells, while the maintenance and reactivation of CD4 T cells as well as other αβ T cells in healed skin remained unaffected. Moreover, in macrophage-depleted healed skin, CD4 T cells did not establish new interactions with remaining antigen-presenting cells, and their contact rate with DCs remained unchanged. These results indicate that local immune memory in CHS-experienced skin is maintained and functions independently of CSF1R-dependent myeloid cells, including Folr2 macrophages, despite their predominant colocalization with skin CD4 T cells.
在接触性超敏反应(CHS)中,通过CD4和CD8组织驻留记忆T(T)细胞的形成,在先前受累的皮肤中建立局部免疫记忆。这种记忆通过增强局部抗原反应性促进疾病复发,并由T细胞,特别是CD4 T细胞长期维持。然而,CD4 T细胞维持和重新激活的潜在机制仍不清楚。我们在此研究了在未接触过CHS和CHS愈合的小鼠耳部皮肤中与CD4 T细胞持续相互作用的细胞生态位。大多数CD4 T细胞分散在真皮中,并与Folr2巨噬细胞共定位,Folr2巨噬细胞是一种先前未被识别的皮肤巨噬细胞群体,提示存在物理相互作用。相比之下,与树突状细胞(DCs)或其他细胞谱系共定位的CD4 T细胞不到20%。给予抗集落刺激因子1受体(CSF1R)抗体可耗尽几乎所有Folr2巨噬细胞和其他几种髓样细胞,而愈合皮肤中CD4 T细胞以及其他αβ T细胞的维持和重新激活仍未受影响。此外,在巨噬细胞耗尽的愈合皮肤中,CD4 T细胞未与剩余的抗原呈递细胞建立新的相互作用,并且它们与DCs的接触率保持不变。这些结果表明,尽管Folr2巨噬细胞等CSF1R依赖性髓样细胞与皮肤CD4 T细胞主要共定位,但CHS经历过的皮肤中的局部免疫记忆得以维持且功能独立于这些细胞。
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