Zhang Guoqing, Zhang Xiaojuan, Dong Qiuxiang, Kong Shuaizhi, Chen Lihua, Zhang Xiaoqing, Gao Jianqing, Zhang Jie, Ding Baoyue
Department of Pharmaceutics, Jiaxing Key Laboratory for Photonanomedicine and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, People's Republic of China.
College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China.
Drug Des Devel Ther. 2025 Aug 7;19:6789-6816. doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S517331. eCollection 2025.
Melanoma results in the formation of malignant tumors and is the deadliest form of skin cancer with high mortality rate. Immunotherapy for melanoma has made great breakthroughs in recent decades. However, low patient response rates and side effects due to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (iTME) and tumor heterogeneity limit the clinical application of melanoma immunotherapy. The tumor microenvironment (TME) exhibits characteristics such as weak acidity, hypoxia, and aberrantly expressed proteases. By exploiting these features, researchers have developed stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems (DDSs) to enhance antitumor immune responses in melanoma patients. This review aims to clarify how stimuli-responsive DDSs enhance melanoma immunotherapy and guide their use as therapeutic agents. We summarize the categorization and design of these DDSs, analyze their immune-enhancing pathways, and discuss current challenges and future prospects in the field.
黑色素瘤会导致恶性肿瘤的形成，是最致命的皮肤癌形式，死亡率很高。近几十年来，黑色素瘤的免疫疗法取得了重大突破。然而，由于免疫抑制性肿瘤微环境（iTME）和肿瘤异质性导致的低患者反应率和副作用限制了黑色素瘤免疫疗法的临床应用。肿瘤微环境（TME）具有弱酸性、缺氧和蛋白酶异常表达等特征。通过利用这些特性，研究人员开发了刺激响应型药物递送系统（DDS），以增强黑色素瘤患者的抗肿瘤免疫反应。本综述旨在阐明刺激响应型DDS如何增强黑色素瘤免疫疗法，并指导其作为治疗剂的使用。我们总结了这些DDS的分类和设计，分析了它们的免疫增强途径，并讨论了该领域当前的挑战和未来前景。
