Xu Jungang, Wang Xinji, Huang Zheyu, Liu Hengzhi, Wang Canlong, Zou Yuxuan, Qiu Kaijie, Xiong Yan, Yang Guang, Ding Qianhai, Shen Weiliang, Pan Zongyou
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China.
Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China.
Orthop J Sports Med. 2025 Aug 11;13(8):23259671251351893. doi: 10.1177/23259671251351893. eCollection 2025 Aug.
BACKGROUND: Several studies on the relationship between morphological parameters and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injury have already been conducted. However, few studies focused on the association between the morphology of the tibial ridge and PCL injury, especially in isolated PCL cases. PURPOSE: To retrospectively compare tibial ridge morphology between patients with isolated PCL tear and age/sex-matched controls with intact PCL after a knee injury. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. METHODS: In a single center, 78 patients who were diagnosed with isolated PCL tears, confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or arthroscopy, were retrospectively analyzed. The control group consisted of 78 patients who had sustained knee trauma but showed no structural damage on MRI. MRI was used to measure the geometry of the tibial ridge, including the height of the medial tibial ridge (HMTR), the height of the lateral tibial ridge (HLTR), the width between ridges (WR), the slope length (SLPIR), the slope angle of the posterior intercondylar ridge, and the height of the posterior intercondylar ridge (HPIR). Tibial plateau was evaluated with the medial posterior tibial slope (MPTS), the lateral posterior tibial slope (LPTS), and the width of the tibial plateau (WTP). The mean values of these parameters were analyzed using a paired test, and binary logistic regression analyses were conducted. RESULTS: No significant differences were found in age, limb side, or body mass index between groups. Among all patients, those with isolated PCL ruptures demonstrated significantly greater HMTR (9.02 vs 8.12 mm; < .001), HLTR (8.32 vs 7.26 mm; < .001), HPIR (16.20 vs 15.56 mm; = .01), and SLPIR (21.71 vs 21.03 mm, = .015), along with a narrower WR (11.33 vs 12.58 mm; < .001), compared with the control group. Sex-specific analysis showed consistent trends in both male and female patients. In addition, male patients exhibited a smaller WTP (7.78 vs 7.92 cm; = .033) and a lower MPTS (6.86°vs 8.46°; = .008) compared with female patients. Binary logistic regression identified increased HMTR (hazard ratio [HR], 1.51; = .028) and HLTR (HR, 1.371; = .028) as risk factors, while narrower WR was protective (HR, 0.807; = .007). CONCLUSION: A high and narrower tibial ridge is associated with isolated PCL tears, compared with PCL-intact controls. In sex-stratified analyses, smaller tibial plateau width and reduced MPTS were observed in male patients with PCL compared with male controls, suggesting that the anatomic associations with PCL injury may differ between sexes.
背景:已经开展了多项关于形态学参数与后交叉韧带(PCL)损伤之间关系的研究。然而,很少有研究关注胫骨嵴形态与PCL损伤之间的关联,尤其是在孤立性PCL损伤病例中。 目的:回顾性比较孤立性PCL撕裂患者与膝关节损伤后PCL完整的年龄/性别匹配对照组之间的胫骨嵴形态。 研究设计:横断面研究;证据等级,3级。 方法:在单一中心,对78例经磁共振成像(MRI)或关节镜检查确诊为孤立性PCL撕裂的患者进行回顾性分析。对照组由78例膝关节外伤但MRI显示无结构损伤的患者组成。采用MRI测量胫骨嵴的几何形态,包括内侧胫骨嵴高度(HMTR)、外侧胫骨嵴高度(HLTR)、嵴间宽度(WR)、斜坡长度(SLPIR)、髁间后嵴的倾斜角度以及髁间后嵴高度(HPIR)。采用内侧胫骨后倾角(MPTS)、外侧胫骨后倾角(LPTS)和胫骨平台宽度(WTP)评估胫骨平台。使用配对t检验分析这些参数的平均值,并进行二元逻辑回归分析。 结果:两组在年龄、肢体侧别或体重指数方面未发现显著差异。在所有患者中,与对照组相比,孤立性PCL断裂患者的HMTR(9.02对8.12mm;P<.001)、HLTR(8.32对7.26mm;P<.001)、HPIR(16.20对15.56mm;P=.01)和SLPIR(21.71对21.03mm,P=.015)显著更高,而WR更窄(11.33对12.58mm;P<.001)。按性别分层分析显示,男性和女性患者均呈现一致趋势。此外,与女性患者相比,男性患者的WTP更小(7.78对7.92cm;P=.033),MPTS更低(6.86°对8.46°;P=.008)。二元逻辑回归确定,HMTR增加(风险比[HR],1.51;P=.028)和HLTR增加(HR,1.371;P=.028)为危险因素,而较窄的WR具有保护作用(HR,0.807;P=.007)。 结论:与PCL完整的对照组相比,较高且较窄的胫骨嵴与孤立性PCL撕裂相关。在按性别分层分析中,与男性对照组相比,PCL损伤男性患者的胫骨平台宽度更小,MPTS减小,这表明与PCL损伤的解剖学关联可能存在性别差异。
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