Endometrial cancer is one of the most prevalent gynecologic malignancies in developed countries, with its incidence steadily increasing each year. Early diagnosis is crucial for a favorable prognosis; however, certain patients experience recurrence and distant metastasis after surgery, similar to advanced cancer patients, with limited treatment options. Therefore, effective strategies for early screening, diagnosis, predicting local recurrence, and guiding rapid treatment interventions are essential for improving survival rates and prognosis. Liquid biopsy, a method known for being non-invasive, safe, and effective, has attracted widespread attention for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Although its clinical application in endometrial cancer is less established than in other cancers, research on biomarkers using liquid biopsy in endometrial cancer patients is currently in progress. This review examines the latest advancements in non-invasive biomarkers identified through liquid biopsy and provides a comprehensive overview of their clinical applications in endometrial cancer. Additionally, it discusses the challenges and future prospects of liquid biopsy, offering valuable insights into the diagnosis and personalized treatment of endometrial cancer.