Prodanović Radiša, Bošnjaković Dušan, Djordjevic Ana, Simeunović Predrag, Arsić Sveta, Mitrović Aleksandra, Jovanović Ljubomir, Vujanac Ivan, Kirovski Danijela, Nedić Sreten
Department of Ruminant and Swine Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Oslobodjenja 18, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Oslobodjenja 18, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Animals (Basel). 2025 Jul 30;15(15):2238. doi: 10.3390/ani15152238.
Dietary tannin supplementation represents a potential strategy to modulate rumen fermentation and enhance lactation performance in dairy cows, though responses remain inconsistent. A 21-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of chestnut tannin (CNT) extract on the enteric methane emissions (EME), blood metabolites, and milk production traits in mid-lactation dairy cows. Thirty-six Holstein cows were allocated to three homogeneous treatment groups: control (CNT, 0 g/d CNT), CNT (40 g/d CNT), and CNT (80 g/d CNT). Measurements of EME, dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield (MY), and blood and milk parameters were carried out pre- and post-21-day supplementation period. Compared with the no-additive group, the CNT extract reduced methane production, methane yield, and methane intensity in CNT and CNT ( < 0.001). CNT and CNT cows exhibited lower blood urea nitrogen ( = 0.019 and = 0.002) and elevated serum insulin ( = 0.003 and < 0.001) and growth hormone concentrations ( = 0.046 and = 0.034), coinciding with reduced aspartate aminotransferase ( = 0.016 and = 0.045), and lactate dehydrogenase ( 0.011 and 0.008) activities compared to control. However, CNT had higher circulating NEFA and BHBA than CNT ( = 0.003 and = 0.004) and CNT ( = 0.035 and = 0.019). The blood glucose, albumin, and total bilirubin concentrations were not affected. MY and fat- and protein-corrected milk (FPCM), MY/DMI, and FPCM/DMI were higher in both CNT ( = 0.004, = 0.003, = 0.014, = 0.010) and CNT ( = 0.002, = 0.003, = 0.008, = 0.013) cows compared with controls. Feeding CNT resulted in higher protein content ( = 0.015) but lower fat percentage in milk ( = 0.004) compared to CNT. Milk urea nitrogen and somatic cell counts were significantly lower in both CNT ( < 0.001, = 0.009) and CNT ( < 0.001 for both) compared to CNT, while milk lactose did not differ between treatments. These findings demonstrate that chestnut tannin extract effectively mitigates EME while enhancing lactation performance in mid-lactation dairy cows.
补充膳食单宁是调节奶牛瘤胃发酵和提高泌乳性能的一种潜在策略，不过反应仍不一致。进行了一项为期21天的饲养试验，以评估栗木单宁（CNT）提取物对泌乳中期奶牛的肠道甲烷排放（EME）、血液代谢物和产奶性状的影响。将36头荷斯坦奶牛分配到三个同质处理组：对照组（CNT，0克/天CNT）、CNT组（40克/天CNT）和CNT组（80克/天CNT）。在21天补充期前后进行了EME、干物质摄入量（DMI）、产奶量（MY）以及血液和牛奶参数的测量。与无添加剂组相比，CNT提取物降低了CNT组和CNT组的甲烷产量、甲烷产率和甲烷强度（P<0.001）。CNT组和CNT组奶牛的血尿素氮较低（P = 0.019和P = 0.002），血清胰岛素升高（P = 0.003和P<0.001）以及生长激素浓度升高（P = 0.046和P = 0.034），同时与对照组相比，天冬氨酸转氨酶（P = 0.016和P = 0.045）以及乳酸脱氢酶活性降低（P = 0.011和P = 0.008）。然而，CNT组的循环非酯化脂肪酸（NEFA）和β-羟基丁酸（BHBA）高于CNT组（P = 0.003和P = 0.004）和CNT组（P = 0.035和P = 0.019）。血糖、白蛋白和总胆红素浓度不受影响。CNT组和CNT组奶牛的MY以及脂肪和蛋白质校正乳（FPCM）、MY/DMI和FPCM/DMI均高于对照组（P = 0.004、P = 0.003、P = 0.014、P = 0.010）和（P = 0.002、P = 0.003、P = 0.008、P = 0.013）。与CNT组相比，饲喂CNT导致牛奶中蛋白质含量较高（P = 0.015）但脂肪百分比较低（P = 0.004）。与CNT组相比，CNT组和CNT组的牛奶尿素氮和体细胞数均显著较低（P<0.001，P = 0.009），而各处理之间的牛奶乳糖无差异。这些发现表明，栗木单宁提取物可有效减轻EME，同时提高泌乳中期奶牛的泌乳性能。
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