Mackiewicz-Milewska Magdalena, Cisowska-Adamiak Małgorzata, Głowacka-Mrotek Iwona, Mackiewicz-Nartowicz Hanna
Department of Rehabilitation, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Faculty of Health Science, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
Department of Phoniatry and Audiology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
J Clin Med. 2025 Jul 23;14(15):5209. doi: 10.3390/jcm14155209.
: Spinal cord injuries (SCIs) are among the most debilitating conditions and are a leading cause of disability in young people. This study aimed to analyze the causes of SCIs, assess injury severity using the AIS scale, and evaluate complications during rehabilitation in a hospital setting. : The study involved 176 individuals with SCI, including 142 with a traumatic SCI (TSCI) and 34 with a non-traumatic SCI (NTSCI), rehabilitated at various times post-injury. The data on injury causes, paresis type, complications, wheelchair use, gender, age, and treatment methods were collected. The injury severity was assessed using the AIS. : A significant gender difference was found between the TSCI and NTSCI groups (85.2% male vs. 61.8% male). TSCI individuals were also younger. The causes of TSCI were traffic accidents, falls from height, and diving, while the causes for NTSCI included spinal ischemia, tumors, degenerative disc disease, and inflammation. TSCI individuals had more AIS A lesions (52.8% vs. 26.5%) and more cervical injuries (53.5% vs. 14.7%), whereas NTSCI individuals had more AIS C lesions (38.2% vs. 18.3%) and thoracic damage (58.8% vs. 35.2%). TSCI patients were more often treated surgically (95.7% vs. 61.8%) and used wheelchairs (88% vs. 55.9%). No significant differences were found in terms of complications between the groups, though TSCI individuals underwent more chronic rehabilitation. : Our research shows that there are significant differences between TSCI and NTSCI both in terms of the level of damage and the severity of damage to neural structures (AIS scales), and thus significant differences in the patients' functioning in later life for both groups of individuals.
脊髓损伤（SCI）是最使人衰弱的病症之一，是年轻人致残的主要原因。本研究旨在分析脊髓损伤的原因，使用损伤严重程度评分（AIS）量表评估损伤严重程度，并评估在医院环境中康复期间的并发症。
该研究纳入了176例脊髓损伤患者，其中包括142例创伤性脊髓损伤（TSCI）患者和34例非创伤性脊髓损伤（NTSCI）患者，这些患者在受伤后的不同时间进行了康复治疗。收集了有关损伤原因、麻痹类型、并发症、轮椅使用情况、性别、年龄和治疗方法的数据。使用AIS评估损伤严重程度。
在TSCI组和NTSCI组之间发现了显著的性别差异（男性分别为85.2%和61.8%）。TSCI患者也更年轻。TSCI的原因是交通事故、高处坠落和潜水，而NTSCI的原因包括脊髓缺血、肿瘤、椎间盘退变疾病和炎症。TSCI患者有更多的AIS A级损伤（52.8%对26.5%）和更多的颈部损伤（53.5%对14.7%），而NTSCI患者有更多的AIS C级损伤（38.2%对18.3%）和胸部损伤（58.8%对35.2%）。TSCI患者接受手术治疗的频率更高（95.7%对61.8%），使用轮椅的频率也更高（88%对55.9%）。两组之间在并发症方面未发现显著差异，不过TSCI患者接受了更多的长期康复治疗。
我们的研究表明，TSCI和NTSCI在损伤水平和神经结构损伤严重程度（AIS量表）方面均存在显著差异，因此两组患者在晚年的功能也存在显著差异。
