Armstrong Melissa J, Wollney Easton, Li Zhigang, Dai Yunfeng, LaBarre Brian, Wang Tingchang, Sovich Kaitlin, Jury Hannah F, Galvin James E, Henriquez Adolfo M, Maixner Susan M, Paulson Henry L, Fields Julie A, Lunde Angela, Boeve Bradley F, Manning Carol, Taylor Angela S, Baker Zachary G
Department of Neurology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Norman Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases, Gainesville, FL, USA.
J Alzheimers Dis. 2025 Aug 14:13872877251365218. doi: 10.1177/13872877251365218.
BackgroundDementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is a common degenerative dementia, but no studies investigate bereaved caregiver experiences.ObjectiveTo investigate the experiences of caregivers three months after the death of persons with DLB using a mixed-methods approach.MethodsDyads of individuals with moderate-advanced DLB and their primary informal caregivers were followed prospectively every 6 months until the person with DLB died. Caregivers completed a study visit with questionnaires and a semi-structured interview ∼3 months later. Spearman correlation coefficients and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests evaluated the relationships of post-death measures with pre-death patient and caregiver variables. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the interviews.ResultsSeventy-three caregivers completed visits (mean 3.5 months post-death). Most of the caregivers were women (82.2%) and spouses (76.7%) or adult children (17.8%). Over 40% had scores indicating risk for clinical depression. Post-death caregiver experiences (depression, quality of life, grief, resilience) correlated with pre-death caregiver experiences. Post-death experiences did not associate with patient characteristics, disease-related symptoms, or healthcare services used in the last 6 months of life. Trajectories for caregiver measures from pre- to post-death visits varied widely. Interview themes included grief and sadness, anger, guilt and regret, relief, appreciation/gratitude, and adjusting to a new normal.ConclusionsThe finding that pre-death caregiving experiences have the strongest association with post-death experiences emphasizes the critical importance of accessible and evidence-based caregiver support before and after the death of a person with DLB. Research is needed to develop interventions for current and bereaved caregivers of individuals with DLB.Trial registration informationNCT04829656 (submitted 2021-03-22).
背景
路易体痴呆(DLB)是一种常见的退行性痴呆,但尚无研究调查丧亲照料者的经历。
目的
采用混合方法研究DLB患者死亡三个月后照料者的经历。
方法
对中重度DLB患者及其主要非正式照料者组成的二元组每6个月进行一次前瞻性随访,直至DLB患者死亡。照料者在患者死亡约3个月后完成一次包含问卷调查和半结构化访谈的研究访视。Spearman相关系数和Wilcoxon秩和检验评估死亡后测量指标与死亡前患者及照料者变量之间的关系。采用主题分析法对访谈进行分析。
结果
73名照料者完成了访视(平均在患者死亡后3.5个月)。大多数照料者为女性(82.2%),配偶(76.7%)或成年子女(17.8%)。超过40%的照料者得分表明有临床抑郁风险。死亡后照料者的经历(抑郁、生活质量、悲伤、恢复力)与死亡前照料者的经历相关。死亡后的经历与患者特征、疾病相关症状或生命最后6个月使用的医疗服务无关。从死亡前到死亡后访视期间,照料者测量指标的轨迹差异很大。访谈主题包括悲伤与悲痛、愤怒、内疚与遗憾、解脱、感激/感恩以及适应新常态。
结论
死亡前的照料经历与死亡后的经历关联最强,这一发现强调了在DLB患者死亡前后提供可及且基于证据的照料者支持的至关重要性。需要开展研究为DLB患者的现任及丧亲照料者制定干预措施。
试验注册信息
NCT04829656(于2021年3月22日提交)