Al Abdali Khalfan, Al Wardi Talal, Elfatih Ruba, Al Bulushi Yarab, Al Jabri Majid
Department of Pediatrics, Nizwa Hospital, Ministry of Health, Nizwa, OMN.
Department of Radiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, OMN.
Cureus. 2025 Jul 13;17(7):e87869. doi: 10.7759/cureus.87869. eCollection 2025 Jul.
We present a case of a full-term neonate with congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection manifesting as severe pneumonitis. The patient exhibited intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), early onset of respiratory distress, and persistent oxygen dependency. High viral load in urine and plasma supported the diagnosis, confirmed within the first three weeks of life. Despite treatment with oral valganciclovir for six months, persistent tachypnea, failure to thrive, and radiological findings prompted a broader differential diagnosis, including childhood interstitial lung disease (chILD). Bronchoscopy and whole-exome sequencing (WES) were performed. This case underscores the need for multidisciplinary evaluation in neonates with unexplained or protracted respiratory illness and highlights the potential overlap between congenital CMV pneumonitis and genetic interstitial lung disease (ILD).
我们报告了一例足月新生儿先天性巨细胞病毒（CMV）感染表现为严重肺炎的病例。该患者出现宫内生长受限（IUGR）、早期呼吸窘迫发作和持续的氧依赖。尿液和血浆中的高病毒载量支持了诊断，在出生后的前三周内得到证实。尽管口服缬更昔洛韦治疗了六个月，但持续的呼吸急促、生长发育不良和影像学表现促使进行更广泛的鉴别诊断，包括儿童间质性肺病（chILD）。进行了支气管镜检查和全外显子测序（WES）。该病例强调了对患有不明原因或迁延性呼吸道疾病的新生儿进行多学科评估的必要性，并突出了先天性CMV肺炎与遗传性间质性肺病（ILD）之间的潜在重叠。
