Ye Qian, Zhang Zhongjing, Chen Tong, Wu Lijun, Xu Kai, Deng Tuo
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wenzhou People's Hospital, The Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.
Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China.
Eur J Pediatr. 2025 Aug 14;184(9):553. doi: 10.1007/s00431-025-06398-w.
Rotavirus (RV), a major cause of childhood diarrhea, damages intestinal epithelium and may induce lactose intolerance in some patients. Increasing studies have emphasized the importance of dysregulated gut microbiome community in diseases. In this study, fecal samples from rotavirus-infected children (n = 48) and healthy controls (n = 29) were analyzed based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing and clinical data. The rotavirus-infected group was further stratified by lactose tolerance status to investigate the distinctive features of the gut microbial communities. Our study verified a shift in gut microbiome constitution and abundance between the feces of healthy donors and rotavirus infection children. Notably, Agathobacter, Streptococcus, Veillonella, and Roseburia were significantly increased in rotavirus infection patients, while the relative abundance of the Ruminococcus gnavus group was decreased. Analyses of alpha diversity unveiled significant differences in the abundance of gut microbiota between rotavirus infection patients with or without lactose intolerance. In particular, the abundance of Parasutterella, Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group, Morganella, and Veillonellaceae unclassified decreased significantly in rotavirus infection patients with lactose intolerance. Further, PLR, an inflammatory hematological ratio, was significantly elevated in rotavirus infection patients with lactose intolerance.
Overall, our study indicated the characteristic of change in diversity, taxonomy, and function of gut microbiota between rotavirus infection and healthy control in children, revealing the existence of dysbiosis in rotavirus infection. Further, our analysis identified the compositional uniqueness of gut microbiota between rotavirus infection patients with or without lactose intolerance, highlighting the diversity and taxonomy in gut microbiome and association with inflammatory state.
• Rotavirus causing diarrhea in children worldwide, causing damage to the intestinal epithelium and lactose intolerance-related diarrhea in children.
• Results demonstrated the characteristic changes of gut microbiome in rotavirus-infected children and further investigated the different gut microbiome composition between rotavirus infection-related lactose intolerance and lactose tolerance patients. • Further, the relationship between gut microbiome and inflammatory hematological ratios was explored.
轮状病毒（RV）是儿童腹泻的主要病因，可损害肠道上皮，并可能在一些患者中诱发乳糖不耐受。越来越多的研究强调了肠道微生物群落失调在疾病中的重要性。在本研究中，基于16S rRNA基因测序和临床数据，对轮状病毒感染儿童（n = 48）和健康对照（n = 29）的粪便样本进行了分析。轮状病毒感染组根据乳糖耐受状态进一步分层，以研究肠道微生物群落的独特特征。我们的研究证实了健康供体粪便与轮状病毒感染儿童粪便之间肠道微生物群组成和丰度的变化。值得注意的是，阿加西杆菌属、链球菌属、韦荣球菌属和罗斯氏菌属在轮状病毒感染患者中显著增加，而纤细瘤胃球菌组的相对丰度降低。α多样性分析揭示了有或无乳糖不耐受的轮状病毒感染患者之间肠道微生物群丰度的显著差异。特别是，副萨特氏菌属、毛螺菌科NK4A136组、摩根氏菌属和未分类的韦荣球菌科在有乳糖不耐受的轮状病毒感染患者中丰度显著降低。此外，炎症血液学比率PLR在有乳糖不耐受的轮状病毒感染患者中显著升高。
总体而言，我们的研究表明儿童轮状病毒感染与健康对照之间肠道微生物群在多样性、分类学和功能方面的变化特征，揭示了轮状病毒感染中存在生态失调。此外，我们的分析确定了有或无乳糖不耐受的轮状病毒感染患者之间肠道微生物群的组成独特性，突出了肠道微生物群的多样性和分类学以及与炎症状态的关联。
• 轮状病毒在全球范围内导致儿童腹泻，对肠道上皮造成损害，并导致儿童乳糖不耐受相关腹泻。
• 结果证明了轮状病毒感染儿童肠道微生物群的特征性变化，并进一步研究了轮状病毒感染相关乳糖不耐受和乳糖耐受患者之间不同的肠道微生物群组成。• 此外，还探讨了肠道微生物群与炎症血液学比率之间的关系。
