Gull Azad, Kumar Mysore Nagaraj Anil, Kumar Amit
Department of Studies in Sericulture Science, University of Mysore, Manasagangothri, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570006, India.
CSB-Central Sericultural Research & Training Institute, Srirampura, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570008, India.
Biol Futur. 2025 Aug 20. doi: 10.1007/s42977-025-00280-4.
Micronutrients contribute significantly to homeostasis at the cellular, physiological, and biological interface of silkworm growth and development. The silkworm cocoon traits are highly physiologically dependent, controlled by the optimum availability of micronutrient concentrations. Keeping this in view, two micronutrients, i.e., copper and iron, were investigated to understand their role in economic traits in popular bivoltine silkworm double-hybrid FC × FC. The mulberry leaves were bio-fortified with copper and iron in the form of copper chloride and ferric chloride with concentrations of 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, and 0.5%, respectively. Irrespective of the micronutrients, all the studied pre- and post-cocoon parameters tend to increase at lower concentrations and decline at higher concentrations. ANOVA revealed a significant gain in larval weight (~ 9.28% and ~ 8.42%), single cocoon weight (~ 5.38% and ~ 6.45%), and filament length (~ 8.37%) when the silkworms were fed with the mulberry leaves fortified with a low concentration (0.2%) of copper and iron. The improvement in reelability (~ 4.92%), renditta (~ 1.91% and ~ 1.04%), and denier (~ 11.99% and ~ 7.19%) was maximum at 0.2% of copper- and iron-augmented leaves compared to the control. It is envisaged that copper and iron chlorides compounds have incremental impact in silk production. Therefore, feed bio-fortification with appropriate concentrations of copper and iron is recommended to improve cocoon production in both quality and quantity, thereby enhancing the economic returns for sericulture farmers.
微量营养素在蚕生长发育的细胞、生理和生物学界面的稳态维持中发挥着重要作用。蚕茧性状在很大程度上依赖于生理状况，受微量营养素浓度的最佳可利用性控制。鉴于此，研究了两种微量营养素，即铜和铁，以了解它们在常见的二化性蚕双杂交种FC×FC经济性状中的作用。用浓度分别为0.1%、0.2%、0.3%和0.5%的氯化铜和氯化铁对桑叶进行生物强化。无论微量营养素如何，所有研究的结茧前和结茧后参数在较低浓度下往往会增加，而在较高浓度下会下降。方差分析显示，当给蚕喂食添加低浓度（0.2%）铜和铁的强化桑叶时，幼虫体重（约9.28%和约8.42%）、单茧重量（约5.38%和约6.45%）和丝长（约8.37%）有显著增加。与对照相比，在添加0.2%铜和铁的桑叶上，缫丝率（约4.92%）、出丝率（约1.91%和约1.04%）和纤度（约11.99%和约7.19%）的改善最大。据设想，氯化铜和氯化铁化合物对蚕丝生产有递增影响。因此，建议用适当浓度的铜和铁进行饲料生物强化，以提高蚕茧的产量和质量，从而提高养蚕农民的经济回报。
