Posch Markus, Mohr Maurice, Burtscher Martin, Greier Klaus, Scharbert Julia, Gerhard Ruedl
Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
Department of Physical Education, University College of Education (KPH-ES), Stams, Austria.
J Hum Kinet. 2025 Jun 25;98:29-40. doi: 10.5114/jhk/194305. eCollection 2025 Jul.
Recently, an elevated rear component of the ski binding has been associated with a reduced ACL injury risk. However, the underlying mechanism is unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of elevated rear components of the ski binding on lower extremity joint angles and the center of mass (COM) in recreational skiers. To evaluate ankle, knee and hip joint angles and the COM, a cohort of 25 subjects (mean age: 25.4 ± 1.8 years) performed unipedal standing trials within a ski boot at four heel heights (position 0: +0.2 cm; position 1: +0.5 cm; position 2: +1.5 cm and position 3: +3.0 cm) on a force plate using an optical motion capture system. Repeated measures ANOVA revealed that flexion angles at the ankle joint significantly differed (η2 = 0.145) and were lowest at position 3, indicating a more neutral ankle joint (-1°). Flexion angles at the knee joint significantly increased with increasing heel height (η2 = 0.715) and were highest at position 3 (+6.9°), indicating a more flexed knee joint. Hip joint angles were not significantly different between the four different conditions (η2 = 0.082). The anterior-posterior COM position differed significantly between the four testing positions (η2 = 0.668) and was most anterior at position 3 (+3.7 cm), indicating a forward movement of the COM. An elevation of the heel component of the ski binding causes an increase in knee flexion accompanied by a forward movement of the COM, both potentially increasing hamstring co-activation as an advantageous preventive measure for ACL injuries in recreational skiing.
最近，滑雪板固定器后部组件升高与前交叉韧带（ACL）损伤风险降低有关。然而，其潜在机制尚不清楚。本研究旨在评估滑雪板固定器后部组件升高对休闲滑雪者下肢关节角度和重心（COM）的影响。为了评估踝关节、膝关节和髋关节角度以及重心，25名受试者（平均年龄：25.4±1.8岁）组成的队列在滑雪靴内，于四个鞋跟高度（位置0：+0.2厘米；位置1：+0.5厘米；位置2：+1.5厘米；位置3：+3.0厘米）下，使用光学运动捕捉系统在测力板上进行单脚站立试验。重复测量方差分析显示，踝关节的屈曲角度存在显著差异（η2 = 0.145），在位置3时最低，表明踝关节更接近中立位（-1°）。膝关节的屈曲角度随鞋跟高度增加而显著增大（η2 = 0.715），在位置3时最高（+6.9°），表明膝关节更屈曲。在四种不同条件下，髋关节角度无显著差异（η2 = 0.082）。四个测试位置之间的前后重心位置存在显著差异（η2 = 0.668），在位置3时最靠前（+3.7厘米），表明重心向前移动。滑雪板固定器鞋跟组件的升高会导致膝关节屈曲增加，同时重心向前移动，这两者都可能增加腘绳肌的共同激活，作为休闲滑雪中预防ACL损伤的一种有利预防措施。
