Farid Yahya, Lukyanenko Bryan, Witelson Sandra F, Baizer Joan S
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, 123 Sherman Hall, South Campus, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada.
Brain Struct Funct. 2025 Aug 25;230(7):139. doi: 10.1007/s00429-025-03005-4.
The superior olivary complex (SOC) receives auditory information from the cochlear nuclei. In nonhuman mammals, the SOC contains three nuclei: the lateral and medial superior olives (LSO, MSO) and the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body (MNTB). There are also periolivary neurons that are assigned to different nuclei in different mammals. The configuration of the SOC in the human differs from that in other species. The LSO is less well-defined; some authors do, and others do not, find an MNTB, and different authors recognize different periolivary nuclei. We have studied the organization of the human SOC using Nissl and immunostained sections of 12 brains from the Witelson Normal Brain Collection. We found an MSO in all cases although it varied in rostro-caudal extent. We did not consistently see a grouping of neurons consistent with an LSO in Nissl sections. Calbindin (CB) is expressed in neurons of the MNTB in several species. We found CB-immunoreactive (ir) cells in all human cases, some in the expected location of the MNTB, however these CB-ir neurons varied in number and location among cases. The variability in SOC configuration suggests there may also be individual variability in sound localization, a major function mediated by the SOC.
上橄榄复合体（SOC）从蜗神经核接收听觉信息。在非人类哺乳动物中，SOC包含三个核团：外侧和内侧上橄榄核（LSO、MSO）以及斜方体内侧核（MNTB）。在不同的哺乳动物中，也有分配到不同核团的橄榄周神经元。人类的SOC结构与其他物种不同。LSO的界定不太明确；一些作者发现了MNTB，而另一些作者则未发现，并且不同的作者识别出不同的橄榄周核团。我们使用来自维特尔森正常脑库的12个大脑的尼氏染色和免疫染色切片研究了人类SOC的组织结构。我们在所有病例中均发现了MSO，尽管其在前后范围上有所不同。在尼氏染色切片中，我们并未始终看到与LSO一致的神经元群。在几个物种中，钙结合蛋白（CB）在MNTB的神经元中表达。我们在所有人类病例中均发现了CB免疫反应性（ir）细胞，其中一些位于MNTB的预期位置，然而，这些CB-ir神经元在病例之间的数量和位置各不相同。SOC结构的变异性表明，在声音定位方面可能也存在个体差异，声音定位是SOC介导的一项主要功能。
