昆虫病原真菌(虫霉目)广泛宿主适应性分子基础的基因组洞察

Genomic Insights into the Molecular Basis of Broad Host Adaptability of the Entomopathogenic Fungus (Entomophthoromycotina).

作者信息

Bai Fan, Yang Tian, Zhang Lvhao, Yang Jiaqi, Chen Xinyu, Zhou Xiang

机构信息

National Key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Forest Food Resources, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.

出版信息

J Fungi (Basel). 2025 Aug 19;11(8):600. doi: 10.3390/jof11080600.

Abstract

(Entomophthorales), a fungal pathogen with a broad insect host range, is a promising candidate for biocontrol applications. We sequenced a strain isolated from a sp. cadaver using PacBio long-read sequencing to elucidate the molecular basis of its wide host adaptability. The newly assembled 44.21 Mb genome exhibits high completeness (BUSCO score: 93.45%) and encodes 11,128 protein-coding genes, with 23.1% predicted to mediate pathogen-host interactions. Comparative genomics with the aphid-obligate pathogen revealed significant expansions in gene families associated with host adaptation mechanisms, including host recognition, transcriptional regulation, degradation of host components, detoxification, and immune evasion. Functional annotation highlighted enrichment in cellular component organization and energy metabolism. Pfam annotation identified one hundred twenty-five seven-transmembrane receptors (putative GPCRs), sixty-seven fungus-specific transcription factors, three hundred sixty-one peptidases (one hundred ninety-eight serine proteases and one hundred three metalloproteases), one hundred twenty-seven cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s), thirty-five cysteine-rich secretory proteins, and fifty-five tyrosinases. Additionally, four hundred thirty carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) across six major modules were characterized. Untargeted metabolomics detected 22 highly expressed terpenoids, consistent with terpenoid biosynthesis gene clusters in the genome. Collectively, these expansions underpin the broad host range of by enabling cross-host signal decoding and gene expression reprogramming, breaching diverse host physicochemical barriers, and expanding its chemical ecological niche. This study provides genomic insights into broad host adaptability in entomopathogenic fungi, facilitating further understanding of pathogen-host interactions.

摘要

虫霉目真菌是一种宿主范围广泛的真菌病原体,是生物防治应用的一个有前途的候选者。我们使用PacBio长读长测序对从一种[具体物种]尸体中分离出的菌株进行了测序,以阐明其广泛宿主适应性的分子基础。新组装的44.21 Mb基因组具有很高的完整性(BUSCO评分:93.45%),编码11,128个蛋白质编码基因,预计其中23.1%介导病原体与宿主的相互作用。与蚜虫专性病原体的比较基因组学揭示了与宿主适应机制相关的基因家族的显著扩张,包括宿主识别、转录调控、宿主成分降解、解毒和免疫逃避。功能注释突出了细胞成分组织和能量代谢方面的富集。Pfam注释鉴定出125个七跨膜受体(假定的GPCR)、67个真菌特异性转录因子、361个肽酶(198个丝氨酸蛋白酶和103个金属蛋白酶)、127个细胞色素P450单加氧酶(P450s)、35个富含半胱氨酸的分泌蛋白和55个酪氨酸酶。此外,还对六个主要模块中的430种碳水化合物活性酶(CAZymes)进行了表征。非靶向代谢组学检测到22种高表达的萜类化合物,与基因组中的萜类生物合成基因簇一致。总体而言,这些扩张通过实现跨宿主信号解码和基因表达重编程、突破不同宿主的物理化学屏障以及扩大其化学生态位,支撑了[该真菌名称]的广泛宿主范围。本研究提供了关于昆虫病原真菌广泛宿主适应性的基因组见解,有助于进一步理解病原体与宿主的相互作用。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e5ae/12387763/ceedd1e89808/jof-11-00600-g001.jpg

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