Xu Shilong, Zhou Lian, Zhao Haodong, Li Siwen
State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing 211198, China.
NMPA Key Laboratory for Impurity Profile of Chemical Drugs, Jiangsu Institute for Drug Control, Nanjing 210019, China.
Pharmaceutics. 2025 Jul 30;17(8):984. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics17080984.
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most prevalent form of alopecia areata. Traditional treatment options, including minoxidil, finasteride, and hair transplantation, have their limitations, such as skin irritation, systemic side effects, invasiveness, and high costs. The transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) offers an innovative approach for treating AGA by administering medications through the skin to achieve localized and efficient delivery while overcoming the skin barrier. This review systematically explores the application of TDDS in AGA treatment, highlighting emerging technologies such as microneedles (MNs), liposomes, ionic liquids (ILs), nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), and transporters (TFs). It analyzes the underlying mechanisms that enhance drug penetration through hair follicles. Finally, this review presents a forward-looking perspective on the future use of TDDS in the management of AGA, aiming to provide insights and references for designing effective transdermal drug delivery systems for this condition.
雄激素性脱发（AGA）是斑秃最常见的形式。传统的治疗方法，包括米诺地尔、非那雄胺和毛发移植，都有其局限性，如皮肤刺激、全身副作用、侵入性和高成本。经皮给药系统（TDDS）通过皮肤给药来治疗AGA，提供了一种创新方法，以实现局部高效给药，同时克服皮肤屏障。本文系统地探讨了TDDS在AGA治疗中的应用，重点介绍了微针（MNs）、脂质体、离子液体（ILs）、纳米结构脂质载体（NLCs）和转运体（TFs）等新兴技术。分析了增强药物通过毛囊渗透的潜在机制。最后，本文对TDDS在AGA管理中的未来应用提出了前瞻性观点，旨在为设计针对这种情况的有效经皮给药系统提供见解和参考。
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