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儿童自闭症沟通治疗(PACT)与自闭症儿童常规治疗对照:丹麦实用型全国随机临床试验方案:DAN-PACT

Paediatric Autism Communication Therapy (PACT) versus management as usual in autistic children: a protocol for a Danish pragmatic, national, randomised clinical trial: DAN-PACT.

作者信息

Ziegler Sonja Martha Teresa, Jeppesen Pia, Christiansen Jens, Conrad Charlotte Engberg, Davidsen Kirstine Agnete, Engkjær-Trautwein Georgij, Engstrøm Janus, Fagerlund Birgitte, Gøtzsche Martin Vestergaard, Hastrup Lene Halling, Jakobsen Janus Christian, Kirk Anne Mette, Lauritsen Marlene Birciet, Pagsberg Anne Katrine, Pedersen Mette Agner, Kilburn Tina Røndrup, Thomsen Per Hove, Varenne Manon, Bilenberg Niels

机构信息

Research Unit of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Mental Health Services in the Region of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.

Research Unit of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.

出版信息

Trials. 2025 Aug 29;26(1):322. doi: 10.1186/s13063-025-09017-z.


DOI:10.1186/s13063-025-09017-z
PMID:40883837
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12398076/
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Despite autism being a lifelong developmental condition affecting approximately 2% of children and young people worldwide, interventions aimed at improving core autism features are sparse. Paediatric Autism Communication Therapy (PACT) is among the first parent-mediated developmental interventions, provided in naturalistic settings, to show promising results in core feature improvement. METHODS: DAN-PACT is an investigator-initiated, independently funded, multicentre, parallel group superiority, randomised clinical trial, which aims to assess benefits and harms of PACT in 2.0-6.9-year-old children with a recent autism diagnosis, comparing PACT combined with management as usual to management as usual alone. Two hundred eighty autistic children from all regions of Denmark will be included. Primary outcome assessors, data managers, statisticians, and conclusion drawers will be blinded. The primary outcome is magnitude of autism features as measured by the ADOS-2 CSS. The sample size calculation is based on a minimal important difference of 0.66 points, corresponding to a 2-3-point difference in ADOS raw scores. Secondary outcomes are changes in child social communication skills measured with the BOSCC, child adaptive skills measured with the VABS-3, and parents' assessment of their own and their child's quality of life. Several exploratory outcomes will be assessed, including adverse events during the trial period. Trial staff will be trained to perform both PACT and enhanced management as usual, assessing manual fidelity of PACT and measuring a broad range of benefits and harms with repeated measures. DISCUSSION: DAN-PACT aims to minimise risks of bias, anchor the trial in a naturalistic clinical setting, and extend the scope of outcome measures used in previous PACT studies, achieved by blinding raters to all observational outcomes, including a large sample of young autistic children, and using an enhanced management as usual control sample. Trial limitations are the risk of missing data and the inability to blind parent participants to their group allocation and their rating of several secondary and exploratory outcomes. In addition, there is no consensus on the magnitude of the minimal important difference on ADOS-2 CSS or BOSCC, which are therefore estimated pragmatically. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05673096. Registered on December 22, 2022.

摘要

背景:尽管自闭症是一种影响全球约2%儿童和青少年的终身发育疾病,但旨在改善自闭症核心特征的干预措施却很少。儿科自闭症沟通疗法(PACT)是最早的由家长介导的、在自然环境中进行的发育干预措施之一,在改善核心特征方面显示出了有前景的结果。 方法:丹麦PACT研究是一项由研究者发起、独立资助的多中心、平行组优效性随机临床试验,旨在评估PACT对近期诊断为自闭症的2.0至6.9岁儿童的益处和危害,将PACT联合常规管理与单纯常规管理进行比较。来自丹麦所有地区的280名自闭症儿童将被纳入研究。主要结局评估者、数据管理人员、统计学家和结论得出者将保持盲态。主要结局是用ADOS-2 CSS测量的自闭症特征程度。样本量计算基于0.66分的最小重要差异,相当于ADOS原始分数相差2至3分。次要结局包括用BOSCC测量的儿童社交沟通技能的变化、用VABS-3测量的儿童适应技能的变化以及父母对自己和孩子生活质量的评估。将评估几个探索性结局,包括试验期间的不良事件。试验人员将接受培训,以实施PACT和强化常规管理,评估PACT的操作保真度,并通过重复测量来衡量广泛的益处和危害。 讨论:丹麦PACT研究旨在将偏倚风险降至最低,将试验置于自然主义临床环境中,并扩大先前PACT研究中使用的结局指标范围,通过对所有观察性结局的评估者进行盲法处理(包括大量年轻自闭症儿童样本)以及使用强化常规管理作为对照样本得以实现。试验的局限性在于存在数据缺失的风险,并且无法让家长参与者对其分组情况以及几个次要和探索性结局的评分保持盲态。此外,对于ADOS-2 CSS或BOSCC最小重要差异的大小尚无共识,因此只能根据实际情况进行估计。 试验注册:ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05673096。于2022年12月22日注册。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5948/12398076/5b04e065957f/13063_2025_9017_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5948/12398076/5b04e065957f/13063_2025_9017_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5948/12398076/5b04e065957f/13063_2025_9017_Fig1_HTML.jpg

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本文引用的文献

[1]
Parent-mediated interventions versus usual care in children with autism spectrum disorders: A protocol for a systematic review with meta-analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis.

PLoS One. 2025-5-16

[2]
Later ("evening") circadian preference is associated with poorer executive, academic, and attentional functioning in adolescents with and without ADHD.

J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2025-1

[3]
Examining variability in Naturalistic Developmental Behavioral Intervention strategy use in caregivers of children with autism spectrum disorders.

J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2025-1

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Early Identification of Autism Spectrum Disorder Among Children Aged 4 Years - Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, 11 Sites, United States, 2020.

MMWR Surveill Summ. 2023-3-24

[5]
Prevalence and Characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorder Among Children Aged 8 Years - Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, 11 Sites, United States, 2020.

MMWR Surveill Summ. 2023-3-24

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J Autism Dev Disord. 2024-3

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Combined social communication therapy at home and in education for young autistic children in England (PACT-G): a parallel, single-blind, randomised controlled trial.

Lancet Psychiatry. 2022-4

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Autism. 2022-8

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Autism Res. 2021-4

[10]
The Emergence of Autism Symptoms Prior to 18 Months of Age: A Systematic Literature Review.

J Autism Dev Disord. 2021-3

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