Xue Licheng, Hao Zongrui, Manickam Sivakumar, Liu Gang, Wang Haizeng, Sun Xun, Bie Haiyan
Donghai Laboratory, Zhoushan 316021, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
State Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography, Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Qingdao 266100, China.
Ultrason Sonochem. 2025 Aug 29;121:107544. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107544.
Hydrodynamic cavitation offers a promising technological platform for diverse industrial applications, including water treatment and chemical process intensification, and holds significant potential for widespread adoption in future advanced processing systems. This study investigates the disinfection efficacy of a novel Cylindrical Rotational Hydrodynamic Cavitation Reactor (CRHCR) and elucidates the underlying mechanism of Escherichia coli (E. coli) inactivation induced by hydrodynamic cavitation. Microscopic analysis of E. coli post-treatment revealed that the intense mechanical shear forces produced by collapsing bubbles are primarily responsible for bacterial inactivation. In addition, the influence of key geometric parameters of the cavitation generation unit on the hydrodynamic performance of the CRHCR was systematically examined. The results demonstrate that rectangular grooves exhibit superior cavitation performance compared to trapezoidal and triangular configurations. An increase in groove width and number correlates positively with enhanced cavitation intensity. In contrast, changes in groove depth, oblique tooth angle, and groove angle exhibit a non-linear trend, with cavitation performance initially increasing with as these parameters rise, followed by a decline once optimal thresholds are exceeded. Optimal cavitation performance was attained with a groove depth of 2 mm, an oblique tooth angle of 68°, and a groove angle of 5°. The observed variation in cavitation efficiency across different CRHCR configurations is attributed to the distinct geometries of the cavitation generation units, which modulate the distribution of low-pressure zones. These findings provide valuable insights into the structural design, theoretical understanding, and practical application of advanced hydrodynamic cavitation systems.
水力空化提供了一个有前景的技术平台，可用于包括水处理和化学过程强化在内的各种工业应用，并在未来先进加工系统中具有广泛采用的巨大潜力。本研究调查了一种新型圆柱形旋转水力空化反应器（CRHCR）的消毒效果，并阐明了水力空化诱导大肠杆菌（E. coli）失活的潜在机制。对处理后的大肠杆菌进行显微镜分析表明，气泡坍塌产生的强烈机械剪切力是细菌失活的主要原因。此外，系统地研究了空化发生单元的关键几何参数对CRHCR流体动力学性能的影响。结果表明，与梯形和三角形结构相比，矩形凹槽具有更好的空化性能。凹槽宽度和数量的增加与空化强度的增强呈正相关。相反，凹槽深度、斜齿角度和凹槽角度的变化呈现非线性趋势，随着这些参数的增加，空化性能最初会提高，一旦超过最佳阈值则会下降。当凹槽深度为2毫米、斜齿角度为68°、凹槽角度为5°时，可获得最佳空化性能。观察到不同CRHCR结构的空化效率变化归因于空化发生单元的不同几何形状，这些形状调节了低压区的分布。这些发现为先进水力空化系统的结构设计、理论理解和实际应用提供了有价值的见解。
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