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长期高压氧治疗可促进大鼠坐骨神经移植模型中的神经再生和髓鞘再生。

Long-term Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment Enhances Nerve Regeneration and Remyelination in a Rat Sciatic Nerve Graft Model.

作者信息

Kedar Daniel J, Shani Nir, Fliss Ehud, Bracha Gal, Zvi Elad, Rosen Roni, Greenberg Orli, Eshed Eisenbach Yael, Peles Elior, Gur Eyal

机构信息

From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.

Department of Pathology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.

出版信息

Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2025 Aug 29;13(8):e7039. doi: 10.1097/GOX.0000000000007039. eCollection 2025 Aug.

DOI:10.1097/GOX.0000000000007039
PMID:40893822
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12398382/
Abstract

BACKGROUND

Peripheral nerve injuries often lead to inconsistent outcomes due to the complexity of nerve regeneration. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has been proposed to enhance regeneration by improving oxygenation, promoting angiogenesis, and facilitating cellular repair processes. This study evaluated the effects of long-term HBOT on axonal regeneration, remyelination, and functional recovery in a rat model of sciatic nerve injury repaired with autologous nerve grafts.

METHODS

Forty-two adult male Wistar rats were divided into control (surgery only) and treatment (surgery plus HBOT) groups. HBOT (2 atmospheres absolute, 100% oxygen, 1 h/d, 5 d/wk) was administered for 8 weeks. Functional recovery was assessed using the sciatic functional index, whereas regeneration was evaluated with electrophysiological tests, histological analysis, and immunohistochemistry at postoperative days (PODs) 14, 35, and 90.

RESULTS

HBOT enhanced axonal regeneration and remyelination in the middle and distal segments of the graft by POD 35. Motor neuron preservation was significantly higher in the treatment group, approaching levels of uninjured nerves by POD 90. Electrophysiological analyses revealed earlier and more consistent reinnervation in the HBOT group, with improved normalized compound muscle action potential amplitudes at POD 60. However, functional recovery assessed by the sciatic functional index showed no significant differences between groups, likely due to autotomy and the lack of physiotherapy.

CONCLUSIONS

Long-term HBOT accelerates axonal regeneration and remyelination in a rat model of peripheral nerve injury and grafting. These findings suggest that HBOT is a promising adjunctive therapy for complex nerve injuries, with potential clinical applications in reconstructive nerve surgery.

摘要

背景

由于神经再生的复杂性，周围神经损伤常常导致预后不一致。高压氧疗法（HBOT）已被提出可通过改善氧合、促进血管生成和促进细胞修复过程来增强再生。本研究评估了长期高压氧疗法对自体神经移植修复坐骨神经损伤大鼠模型中轴突再生、髓鞘再生和功能恢复的影响。

方法

将42只成年雄性Wistar大鼠分为对照组（仅手术）和治疗组（手术加高压氧疗法）。高压氧疗法（绝对压力2个大气压，100%氧气，每天1小时，每周5天）持续进行8周。使用坐骨神经功能指数评估功能恢复情况，而在术后第14天、35天和90天通过电生理测试、组织学分析和免疫组织化学评估再生情况。

结果

到术后第35天，高压氧疗法增强了移植神经中段和远端的轴突再生和髓鞘再生。治疗组运动神经元的保留率显著更高，到术后第90天接近未受伤神经的水平。电生理分析显示高压氧疗法组的神经再支配更早且更一致，在术后第60天标准化复合肌肉动作电位幅度有所改善。然而，通过坐骨神经功能指数评估的功能恢复在两组之间没有显著差异，可能是由于自残和缺乏物理治疗。

结论

长期高压氧疗法可加速周围神经损伤和移植大鼠模型中的轴突再生和髓鞘再生。这些发现表明高压氧疗法是一种有前景的用于复杂神经损伤的辅助治疗方法，在重建性神经外科手术中具有潜在的临床应用价值。

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