Lin Bin, Li Dong-Kan
Xiamen Eye Center and Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen, China.
Xiamen Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2025 Aug 14;12:1628325. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1628325. eCollection 2025.
Cancer is a global health threat, and its incidence and mortality are increasing annually. Cancer-related glaucoma, a severe complication caused by primary or metastatic tumors and their treatments, has complex pathogenic mechanisms. This review aims to clarify the risk factors, classification, diagnosis, and treatment progress of this glaucoma type. Mechanisms include mechanical obstruction, secondary angle closure, neovascularization, inflammation and cytokine release, alterations in aqueous humor dynamics, and secondary hemosiderosis. Clinical manifestations are diverse, such as rapid intraocular pressure increase, neovascular changes, and tumor-related characteristic signs. Treatment requires multidisciplinary cooperation, with primary tumor control as the core, combined with drugs like anti-VEGF agents and targeted therapies, and modified surgeries. Future research should focus on personalized therapeutic strategies, gene therapy applications, integration of multimodal imaging, and optimization of AI models to optimize early intervention and reduce the risk of irreversible optic nerve damage.
癌症是一种全球性的健康威胁，其发病率和死亡率逐年上升。癌症相关性青光眼是由原发性或转移性肿瘤及其治疗引起的一种严重并发症，其发病机制复杂。本综述旨在阐明这种青光眼类型的危险因素、分类、诊断及治疗进展。其机制包括机械性阻塞、继发性房角关闭、新生血管形成、炎症和细胞因子释放、房水动力学改变以及继发性含铁血黄素沉着症。临床表现多样，如眼压迅速升高、新生血管改变以及肿瘤相关特征性体征。治疗需要多学科合作，以控制原发性肿瘤为核心，联合使用抗血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）药物等药物和靶向治疗，并进行改良手术。未来的研究应聚焦于个性化治疗策略、基因治疗应用、多模态成像整合以及人工智能模型的优化，以优化早期干预并降低不可逆性视神经损伤的风险。
