He Qinrong, Wang Huxi, Zhang Jungang, Ghahremani Arekhloo Negin, Karagiorgis Xenofon, Yalagala Bhavani Prasad, Skabara Peter J, Heidari Hadi, Zeze Dagou A, Hosseini Ensieh S
Department of Engineering, Durham University, DH1 3LE Durham, U.K.
Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China.
ACS Appl Electron Mater. 2025 Jul 14;7(16):7562-7571. doi: 10.1021/acsaelm.5c00548. eCollection 2025 Aug 26.
As wearable electronics advance, there is a growing need for flexible sensors with high sensitivity to detect even the slightest mechanical stimuli for real-time monitoring across various applications. This study presents a poly-(vinylidene fluoride--trifluoroethylene) (PVDF-TrFE)-based flexible piezoelectric sensor, developed by electrospinning a composite of PVDF-TrFE and barium titanate (BaTiO). The PVDF-TrFE with 3 wt % BaTiO, referred to as PVDF-TrFE (3 wt % BTO), exhibits higher crystallinity, increased β-phase content, and enhanced piezoelectric response, achieving a pressure sensitivity of 0.37 V/kPa within a pressure range of 6.4-16 kPa at a fixed frequency of 7 Hz. The flexible sensor developed is also characterized by its ability to detect lower pressure ranges with a linear pressure sensitivity of 0.18 V/kPa over a range of 6.4-22.4 kPa at a fixed frequency of 2 Hz. It also exhibits a frequency sensitivity of 0.7 V/Hz within a frequency range of 2-5 Hz at a constant pressure of 6.4 kPa. The fabricated sensors were integrated with a microcontroller and wireless data transfer system to form a wearable sensor patch that detects biomechanical signals such as wrist bending and radial artery pulse signals, ensuring reliable monitoring of biomechanical signals. Furthermore, spatially sensitive detection was achieved by creating a 3 × 3 pressure array sensor to pinpoint pressure locations. With the wireless data transfer system, sensor signals can be sent to a smartphone, which acts as a pressure locator to track external force positions. This work demonstrates that the pressure sensing device developed using the PVDF-TrFE (3 wt % BTO) sensor has significant and promising potential for real-time physiological detection and wearable healthcare monitoring.
随着可穿戴电子设备的发展，对高灵敏度的柔性传感器的需求日益增长，以便能够检测到最轻微的机械刺激，从而在各种应用中进行实时监测。本研究展示了一种基于聚（偏二氟乙烯 - 三氟乙烯）（PVDF-TrFE）的柔性压电传感器，它是通过静电纺丝PVDF-TrFE与钛酸钡（BaTiO）的复合材料制成的。含有3 wt% BaTiO的PVDF-TrFE，称为PVDF-TrFE（3 wt% BTO），具有更高的结晶度、增加的β相含量和增强的压电响应，在7 Hz的固定频率下，在6.4 - 16 kPa的压力范围内实现了0.37 V/kPa的压力灵敏度。所开发的柔性传感器还具有在较低压力范围内进行检测的能力，在2 Hz的固定频率下，在6.4 - 22.4 kPa的范围内具有0.18 V/kPa的线性压力灵敏度。在6.4 kPa的恒定压力下，它在2 - 5 Hz的频率范围内还表现出0.7 V/Hz的频率灵敏度。制造的传感器与微控制器和无线数据传输系统集成，形成了一个可穿戴传感器贴片，用于检测生物力学信号，如手腕弯曲和桡动脉脉搏信号，确保对生物力学信号进行可靠监测。此外，通过创建一个3×3压力阵列传感器来精确定位压力位置，实现了空间敏感检测。借助无线数据传输系统，传感器信号可以发送到智能手机，智能手机充当压力定位器来跟踪外力位置。这项工作表明，使用PVDF-TrFE（3 wt% BTO）传感器开发的压力传感装置在实时生理检测和可穿戴医疗监测方面具有巨大且有前景的潜力。
