Upadhaya Sunil, Pandey Amitabh C, Wiley Jose, Le Jemtel Thierry H
Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States.
Front Physiol. 2025 Aug 26;16:1651249. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2025.1651249. eCollection 2025.
The adipose tissue surrounding the arterial and venous vasculature and microvasculature affects vascular reactivity and pathology, particularly when perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) accumulates in overweight and obese states. In the absence of convenient techniques to measure local blood flow and adipose tissue volume, perivascular adipose tissue-related alterations are barely considered in clinical settings. Furthermore, perivascular adipose tissue accumulation frequently coexists with obesity, and obesity alone leads to functional and structural vascular alterations. The proximity of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) to the coronary arteries provides a unique opportunity to study the effects of perivascular adipose tissue on vascular pathology and reactivity. As coronary atherosclerotic plaque inflammation contributes to the inflammatory response of the surrounding adipose tissue, pericoronary adipose tissue attenuation may predict the risk of acute coronary events. Finally, perivascular adipose tissue accumulation may mediate obesity-associated regional subclinical left ventricular dysfunction in the absence of coronary artery disease.
围绕动脉、静脉血管及微血管的脂肪组织会影响血管反应性和病理状态，尤其是当血管周围脂肪组织（PVAT）在超重和肥胖状态下积聚时。由于缺乏测量局部血流和脂肪组织体积的便捷技术，临床环境中几乎不考虑血管周围脂肪组织相关的改变。此外，血管周围脂肪组织积聚常与肥胖并存，而肥胖本身就会导致血管功能和结构改变。心外膜脂肪组织（EAT）与冠状动脉的接近为研究血管周围脂肪组织对血管病理和反应性的影响提供了独特机会。由于冠状动脉粥样硬化斑块炎症会导致周围脂肪组织的炎症反应，冠状动脉周围脂肪组织衰减可能预测急性冠状动脉事件的风险。最后，在没有冠状动脉疾病的情况下，血管周围脂肪组织积聚可能介导肥胖相关的区域性亚临床左心室功能障碍。
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