Imtiaz Aneeqa, Bin Tahir Muhammad Talha, Zhao Minmeng, Gong Daoqing, Ge Jing, Geng Tuoyu
College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Aug 30;26(17):8460. doi: 10.3390/ijms26178460.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as a significant metabolic disorder in modern poultry production, particularly affecting high-yielding laying hens. This condition compromises bird welfare, productivity, and economic sustainability within commercial farming systems. This narrative review provides a comprehensive overview of the underlying mechanisms through which hepatic lipid accumulation, metabolic dysfunctions, hormonal imbalances, genetic susceptibilities, and environmental stress contribute to the development of NAFLD. The multifactorial nature of NAFLD is explored through a critical assessment of the literature, highlighting the influence of diet composition, management practices, and physiological demands associated with intensive egg production. Emphasis is placed on recent advancements in nutritional modulation, selective breeding, and housing improvements aimed at prevention and mitigation of NAFLD. Furthermore, the review identifies key research gaps, including limited understanding of epigenetic influences and the long-term efficacy of intervention strategies. An integrative framework is advocated, synergizing genetics, nutrition, and environmental optimization to effectively address the complexity of NAFLD in poultry and supports the development of resilient production systems. The insights presented aims to inform both future research and practical applications for enhancing poultry health and performance.
非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）已成为现代家禽生产中一种重要的代谢紊乱疾病，尤其影响高产蛋鸡。这种疾病损害了商业养殖系统中家禽的福利、生产力和经济可持续性。这篇叙述性综述全面概述了肝脏脂质积累、代谢功能障碍、激素失衡、遗传易感性和环境应激导致NAFLD发生的潜在机制。通过对文献的批判性评估，探讨了NAFLD的多因素性质，强调了饮食组成、管理实践以及与密集产蛋相关的生理需求的影响。重点介绍了在营养调节、选择性育种和改善饲养环境方面的最新进展，这些进展旨在预防和减轻NAFLD。此外，该综述还确定了关键的研究空白，包括对表观遗传影响的了解有限以及干预策略的长期效果。提倡一个综合框架，将遗传学、营养和环境优化相结合，以有效应对家禽NAFLD的复杂性，并支持发展有弹性的生产系统。所提出的见解旨在为未来的研究和提高家禽健康及性能的实际应用提供参考。
