Hu Yanbo, Shen Yuzhu, Song Yudi, Yang Yue, Shan Yakun, Zhang Ruining, Zhao Jun
School of Food Sciences and Engineering, Changchun University, Changchun, 130024, Jilin, P.R. China.
College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2025 Sep 26;41(10):336. doi: 10.1007/s11274-025-04535-z.
βGalactanases specifically hydrolyze the interglycosidic bonds of galactose residues in galactan and arabinogalactan, and they are widely distributed in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In this review, β-galactanases, including β-1,3-galactanase, β-1,4-galactanase, and β-1,6-galactanase, are summarized from both theoretical and applied perspectives. Studies have demonstrated that β-galactanases primarily belong to the glycoside hydrolase (GH) families 30, 43, and 53. The catalytic mechanisms of the GH30 and GH53 families follow a typical retention hydrolysis mechanism, while only members of the GH43 family adhere to the inverting hydrolysis mechanism. Due to structural differences among β-galactanases, their enzymatic properties and substrate specificities also exhibit significant variations. β-Galactanases have a wide range of applications. For example, β-1,4-galactanases are extensively used in the preparation of galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) as a food additive and as a fingerprinting tool for medicinal plants. β-1,3-Galactanases and β-1,6-galactanases are less commonly used but are highly effective tools for the analysis of arabinogalactan-II (AG-II) pectin. Furthermore, to expand the application spectrum of β-galactanases, the preparation methods and basic enzymatic properties of these enzymes are summarized. The results demonstrate that β-galactanases have broad application prospects.
β-半乳糖苷酶特异性水解半乳聚糖和阿拉伯半乳聚糖中半乳糖残基的糖苷键，广泛分布于原核生物和真核生物中。在本综述中，从理论和应用两个角度总结了β-半乳糖苷酶，包括β-1,3-半乳糖苷酶、β-1,4-半乳糖苷酶和β-1,6-半乳糖苷酶。研究表明，β-半乳糖苷酶主要属于糖苷水解酶（GH）家族30、43和53。GH30和GH53家族的催化机制遵循典型的保留水解机制，而只有GH43家族的成员遵循转化水解机制。由于β-半乳糖苷酶之间的结构差异，它们的酶学性质和底物特异性也表现出显著差异。β-半乳糖苷酶有广泛的应用。例如，β-1,4-半乳糖苷酶广泛用于制备低聚半乳糖（GOS）作为食品添加剂以及作为药用植物的指纹识别工具。β-1,3-半乳糖苷酶和β-1,6-半乳糖苷酶使用较少，但却是分析阿拉伯半乳聚糖-II（AG-II）果胶的高效工具。此外，为了扩大β-半乳糖苷酶的应用范围，总结了这些酶的制备方法和基本酶学性质。结果表明，β-半乳糖苷酶具有广阔的应用前景。
