Pack R L, Ferko A P
Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther. 1977 Jul;228(1):58-67.
Morphine dependence in mice is produced in a two day test. The effects of (1) ethanol, (2) pyrazole, (3) ethanol with pyrazole, and (4) pentobarbital are observed and recorded on the naloxone precipitated escape response in morphine dependent mice. Ethanol suppresses the escape response in doses of 2.0 and 3.0 g/kg which produce mean blood ethanol concentrations of 1.88 and 3.28 mg/ml, respectively. When a pyrazole regimen is employed with morphine dependent mice, ethanol reduces or abolishes the naloxone precipitated escape response at doses of 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 mg/kg. The corresponding mean blood ethanol concentrations are 1.14, 2,82 and 3.74 mg/ml, respectively. When pentobarbital (20 and 30 mg/kg) is given to morphine dependent mice, jumping bevarior is prevented following naloxone injection. Since narcotic antagonists such as naloxone may be employed in studying the phenomenon of physical dependence on ethanol based on the hypothesis of a relationship between endogenous opiates and ethanol dependence, it is essential to verify that blood ethanol concentrations are low enough so that ethanol will not interfere with the effects of naloxone in ethanol dependent animals.
小鼠吗啡依赖是通过为期两天的试验产生的。观察并记录了(1)乙醇、(2)吡唑、(3)乙醇与吡唑、(4)戊巴比妥对吗啡依赖小鼠纳洛酮诱发的逃避反应的影响。乙醇剂量为2.0和3.0 g/kg时可抑制逃避反应，相应的平均血液乙醇浓度分别为1.88和3.28 mg/ml。当对吗啡依赖小鼠采用吡唑给药方案时，乙醇剂量为1.0、2.0和3.0 mg/kg时可降低或消除纳洛酮诱发的逃避反应，相应的平均血液乙醇浓度分别为1.14、2.82和3.74 mg/ml。当给吗啡依赖小鼠注射戊巴比妥（20和30 mg/kg）时，注射纳洛酮后可防止跳跃行为。由于基于内源性阿片类物质与乙醇依赖之间关系的假说，纳洛酮等麻醉拮抗剂可用于研究对乙醇的身体依赖现象，因此有必要验证血液乙醇浓度是否足够低，以便乙醇不会干扰乙醇依赖动物中纳洛酮的作用。
