Högberg J, Kristoferson A
Acta Pharmacol Toxicol (Copenh). 1978 Apr;42(4):271-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0773.1978.tb02200.x.
Isolated hepathocytes lost about half their content of GSH when treated in vitro with 90 nmol of diethylmaleate per 10(6) cells. Within one hour GSH started to accumulate in the cells, and the rate of accumulation was taken as a measure of the GSH synthesis rate. The rate was affected by additions of amino acids and horse serum to the incubation medium. The methionine and cysteine uptake rates were much lower than the rate of GSH synthesis and not affected by variations in the GSH synthesis rate. The methionine and cysteine uptake rates were not affected by horse serum. It is concluded that even though exogenous sulphur-containing amino acids facilitate GSH synthesis, the hepatic cysteine pool is to a large extent replenished by endogenous amino acids derived from protein degradation. In particular, this is the case when the turnover rate of the cysteine pool is increased by drug metabolism.
当每10⁶个细胞在体外用90 nmol马来酸二乙酯处理时，分离的肝细胞损失了约一半的谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量。在一小时内，GSH开始在细胞中积累，积累速率被用作GSH合成速率的指标。该速率受孵育培养基中氨基酸和马血清添加量的影响。蛋氨酸和半胱氨酸的摄取速率远低于GSH合成速率，且不受GSH合成速率变化的影响。蛋氨酸和半胱氨酸的摄取速率不受马血清的影响。得出的结论是，尽管外源性含硫氨基酸促进GSH合成，但肝脏中的半胱氨酸库在很大程度上由蛋白质降解产生的内源性氨基酸补充。特别是当药物代谢增加半胱氨酸库的周转率时，情况更是如此。
