Hinman F
Calif Med. 1965 Dec;103(6):400-5.
Closed drainage is recommended for all patients after prostatectomy where hemostasis has been adequate. Although closed drainage can maintain sterility of the bladder, thereby fostering healing and reducing infectious complications, such drainage is not insisted upon at most hospitals because of the inconveniences associated with it. However, when closed drainage was used in 25 consecutive cases of transurethral resection, infection was reduced to 25 per cent (in contrast to the 85 to 100 per cent encountered with open drainage). The ideal closed system should incorporate:1. Fixed tubing to prevent contamination where the catheter joins the tubing and where the tubing is attached to the container;2. An aseptic method of emptying;3. A device to prevent reflux of the potentially contaminated urine in the container into the bladder;4. Free urinary flow from bladder to container; and5. Portability for the patient and convenience for the staff.A system is proposed that incorporates these features. Particularly effective are a fixed drip chamber with vents at the site of attachment of the tubing to the bag and a protected spigot for emptying.
对于前列腺切除术后止血充分的所有患者，建议采用闭式引流。尽管闭式引流可保持膀胱无菌，从而促进愈合并减少感染并发症，但由于其带来的不便，大多数医院并不坚持使用这种引流方式。然而，在连续25例经尿道切除术病例中使用闭式引流时，感染率降至25%（相比之下，开放引流的感染率为85%至100%）。理想的闭式系统应具备：1. 固定的管道，以防止在导管与管道连接处以及管道连接到容器处受到污染；2. 无菌的排空方法；3. 防止容器中可能受污染的尿液回流到膀胱的装置；4. 尿液从膀胱到容器的自由流动；5. 便于患者携带且方便医护人员操作。现提出一种具备这些特点的系统。特别有效的是在管道连接到袋子的部位设有带通气孔的固定滴壶以及用于排空的受保护旋塞。
