Wasserthal L T, Wasserthal W
Cell Tissue Res. 1977 Nov 23;184(4):467-86. doi: 10.1007/BF00220970.
The origin and orientation of the heart nerves in Sphinx ligustri and Ephestia kuehniella were investigated by scanning electron microscopy using a special technique which involved pinning the dissected specimens on a stabilizing metal pad. The heart and alary muscles in Sphinx particularly their caudal extremity were also examined by transmission electron microscopy. The alary muscles form an incomplete sheath around the heart with a mainly longitudinal fibre orientation, e.i. antagonistically to the fibres of the heart itself. The heart and alary muscles are multiterminally innervated by branches of the transverse segmental nerves. All branches contain a single electron lucent axon; the thickest branches also possess several neurosecretory axons. Swellings of the segmental nerves may indicate the position of nerve cell bodies. There are no lateral heart nerves. Only one type of neuromuscular junction is abundant in the alary muscles but less frequently found in the heart. The terminals originate from the central axon only. They are capped by glial cells, which interdigitate with the muscle cells. They penetrate into the T-system toward the Z-discs and form a complex intercellular space system. Exocytosis of dense-cored vesicles into this "perisynaptic reticulum" seems likely. Sites of neurohaemal release are distributed along the nerve branches and special nerve endings occur at the level of the ostia. The possible nervous influence upon heart activity is discussed.
采用一种特殊技术，即将解剖后的标本固定在稳定的金属垫上，通过扫描电子显微镜研究了女贞尺蛾和粉斑螟心脏神经的起源和走向。还通过透射电子显微镜检查了女贞尺蛾的心脏和翼肌，特别是其尾部末端。翼肌围绕心脏形成一个不完整的鞘，纤维主要呈纵向排列，即与心脏本身的纤维呈拮抗关系。心脏和翼肌由横节段神经的分支进行多端神经支配。所有分支都含有一条单一的电子透明轴突；最粗的分支还含有几条神经分泌轴突。节段神经的肿胀可能表明神经细胞体的位置。没有侧心脏神经。翼肌中仅有一种丰富的神经肌肉接头类型，而在心脏中较少见。终末仅起源于中央轴突。它们被神经胶质细胞覆盖，神经胶质细胞与肌肉细胞相互交错。它们向Z线方向深入到T系统中，形成一个复杂的细胞间空间系统。密集核心囊泡向这个“突触周围网状结构”的胞吐作用似乎是可能的。神经血分泌部位沿神经分支分布，在气门水平出现特殊的神经末梢。讨论了神经对心脏活动可能产生的影响。
