[Quantitative enzymatic and enzyme histochemical analysis in detecting inductive and nephrotoxic effects of various antibiotics].

In order to evaluate quantitatively changes of kidney tubular membrane and lysosomal proteins following administration of aminoglycosides and cephalosporins enzymatic and enzyme histochemical investigations were performed. Alterations of kidney enzyme concentrations of the proximal tubule were considered as a parameter indicating nephrotoxic and inductive effects of antibiotics. Following administration of aminoglycosides to volunteers significantly (Wilcoxon test, 2P less than 0.05) increased enzymuria was found as compared to untreated control persons. Under experimental conditions inductive effects were analysed following treatment with aminoglycosides, especially gentamicin. In contrary to these findings cephalosporins were administered without effects an the proximal tubule. Once daily administration of aminoglycosides were observed to be less nephrotoxic than twice daily injections to volunteers. Quantitative evaluation of tubular specific proteins appears to be a tool in monitoring the degree of alterations (enzyme induction, -liberation, -excretion) caused by antibiotics.