[Current concepts of the mechanisms of axonal transport].

Axonal transport is the process by which materials are moved from one region of the nerve cell to another. Axonal transport occurs in two directions, from the cell body to terminal (anterograde) and from terminals to the cell body (retrograde). Now axon transport is used as a neuroanatomical tool for the analysis of fibre pathways in the central nervous system. There are two phases in the anterograde transport: the slow one (for maintenance of the axon value) and the fast phase (for transport of different components dealing with organization of the intracellular and surface membranes). The paper is concerned with the problems of the different cellular structures participation in the mechanism of the axoplasmic transport.