Patterson R P
J Electrocardiol. 1978 Jan;11(1):23-6. doi: 10.1016/s0022-0736(78)80025-9.
The impedance and offset potential of six disposable and two non-disposable electrodes were measured on 80 subjects. A total of 160 measurements were made on skin prepared by wiping with alcohol or acetone. For 640 measurements the skin was prepared by lightly sanding. The sanding of the skin reduced the impedance by a factor of approximately 50 for males and 100 for females. The offset potential for sanded skin was reduced by approximately 2. The performance of the disposable electrodes showed no great practical difference when applied on sanded skin. The median impedance ranged from 1500 to 3250 ohms. The median offset potential ranged from 0.5 to 4 mV. It was shown that a small DC current of 100 nA applied to stainless steel electrodes could cause a polarization voltage of approximately 0.5 volts to appear in 25 min.
在80名受试者身上测量了六个一次性电极和两个非一次性电极的阻抗和偏移电位。在使用酒精或丙酮擦拭准备好的皮肤上总共进行了160次测量。对于640次测量，皮肤是通过轻轻打磨来准备的。皮肤打磨后，男性的阻抗降低了约50倍，女性的阻抗降低了100倍。打磨后皮肤的偏移电位降低了约2。一次性电极在打磨后的皮肤上使用时，其性能没有显示出很大的实际差异。中位阻抗范围为1500至3250欧姆。中位偏移电位范围为0.5至4毫伏。结果表明，施加到不锈钢电极上的100 nA小直流电流可在25分钟内导致约0.5伏的极化电压出现。
