Elhassani S B
South Med J. 1984 Jun;77(6):730-6. doi: 10.1097/00007611-198406000-00017.
The umbilical cord is the lifeline of the fetus and of the neonate in the first few minutes after birth. Care of the cord and stump in the immediate neonatal period varies according to social, cultural, economic, and geographic factors. Measures taken to insure sterility in cutting, tying, and painting the umbilical cord may prevent serious diseases such as tetanus neonatorum. Care of the umbilical cord may be less than optimal in babies born at home in unsupervised "home delivery." Minor congenital anomalies of the umbilical cord, such as umbilical hernia, and major anomalies, such as gastroschisis and omphalocele, are reviewed in this article. Survival in babies with major anomalies of the cord has been improving steadily because of early diagnosis (including prenatal diagnosis), better operative procedures, and better understanding of the fluid and nutritional requirements of the neonate postoperatively. Diseases of the cord include omphalitis and, rarely, tumors.
脐带是胎儿以及出生后最初几分钟内新生儿的生命线。新生儿期对脐带及残端的护理因社会、文化、经济和地理因素而有所不同。在切断、结扎和涂抹脐带时采取确保无菌的措施可预防诸如新生儿破伤风等严重疾病。在无人监管的“家庭分娩”中出生的在家婴儿，其脐带护理可能不太理想。本文将对脐带的轻微先天性异常（如脐疝）和严重异常（如腹裂和脐膨出）进行综述。由于早期诊断（包括产前诊断）、更好的手术方法以及对新生儿术后液体和营养需求的更好理解，患有严重脐带异常的婴儿的存活率一直在稳步提高。脐带疾病包括脐炎，以及罕见的肿瘤。
