Fischer B H, Marks M, Reich T
N Engl J Med. 1983 Jan 27;308(4):181-6. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198301273080402.
Several uncontrolled studies have suggested a beneficial effect of hyperbaric oxygen on multiple sclerosis. We studied 40 patients with advanced chronic multiple sclerosis who were randomly divided into two matching groups. The experimental group received pure oxygen, and the placebo group received a mixture of 10 per cent oxygen and 90 per cent nitrogen; both groups were treated at a pressure of 2 atmospheres absolute for 90 minutes once daily, for a total of 20 exposures. Objective improvement occurred in 12 of 17 patients treated with hyperbaric oxygen and in 1 of 20 patients treated with placebo (P less than 0.0001). Improvement was transient in seven of the patients treated with oxygen and long-lasting in five. Those with less severe forms of the disease had a more favorable and lasting response. At one year of follow-up, deterioration was noticed in 2 patients (12 per cent) in the oxygen group, neither of whom had had an initial response, and in 11 patients (55 per cent) in the placebo group, one of whom had had a positive initial response (P less than 0.0008). Minor ear problems and reversible myopia were the only side effects observed. These preliminary results suggest a positive, though transient, effect of hyperbaric oxygen on advanced multiple sclerosis, warranting further study. This therapy cannot be generally recommended without longer follow-up periods and additional confirmatory experience.
多项非对照研究表明高压氧对多发性硬化症有有益作用。我们对40例晚期慢性多发性硬化症患者进行了研究，这些患者被随机分为两个匹配组。实验组接受纯氧治疗，安慰剂组接受10%氧气和90%氮气的混合气体；两组均在绝对压力2个大气压下每天治疗90分钟，共治疗20次。接受高压氧治疗的17例患者中有12例出现客观改善，而接受安慰剂治疗的20例患者中有1例出现改善（P小于0.0001）。接受氧气治疗的患者中有7例改善是短暂的，5例是持久的。病情较轻的患者反应更良好且持久。在随访一年时，氧气组有2例患者（12%）病情恶化，这2例患者最初均无反应，安慰剂组有11例患者（55%）病情恶化，其中1例最初有阳性反应（P小于0.0008）。观察到的唯一副作用是轻微耳部问题和可逆性近视。这些初步结果表明高压氧对晚期多发性硬化症有积极但短暂的作用，值得进一步研究。在没有更长随访期和更多确证经验的情况下，这种疗法不能被普遍推荐。
