Schiller F
Sleep. 1984;7(3):199-201. doi: 10.1093/sleep/7.3.199.
Involuntary eye movements at the onset of sleep are mentioned in Virgil's Aeneid (19 BC). "Nystagmus" in relation to states of lowered consciousness was painstakingly catalogued by Sauvages (1768). Sporadic studies of eye behavior during sleep were recorded during the 19th century and were associated with disorders of brainstem physiology, culminating in von Economo's observations during the encephalitis lethargica epidemic of the 1920s.
维吉尔的《埃涅阿斯纪》（公元前19年）中提到了睡眠开始时的不自主眼球运动。索瓦热（1768年）精心编录了与意识降低状态相关的“眼球震颤”。19世纪记录了对睡眠期间眼部行为的零星研究，这些研究与脑干生理学紊乱有关，最终在20世纪20年代昏睡性脑炎流行期间冯·埃科诺莫的观察中达到顶峰。
