Nebel G, Lingg G, Hering L, Dittmann V
Rontgenblatter. 1984 Oct;37(10):362-70.
157 space-occupying lesions of the kidneys (89 cysts, 57 malignant tumours, 8 benign tumours, 1 abscess, 1 non-traumatic bleeding and a special form of inflammation, namely, xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis) which were observed in 2 years, were evaluated, using angiography, ultrasound and computed tomography. If a space-occupying lesion is found--mostly by I.V. urography--ultrasound should be applied next for differentiating the cyst from the solid tumour. If this is not possible, or if a solid tumour is found, the next step should be computed tomography. (Staging of carcinoma, diagnosis of angiomyolipoma or another benign tumour, eg.. a lipoma). Angiography as an invasive procedure is indicated only in cases in which ultrasound and computed tomography don't yield a diagnosis. (Possibility of pharmacoangiography and magnification angiography).
对两年内观察到的157例肾脏占位性病变（89个囊肿、57个恶性肿瘤、8个良性肿瘤、1个脓肿、1例非创伤性出血以及一种特殊形式的炎症，即黄色肉芽肿性肾盂肾炎）采用血管造影、超声和计算机断层扫描进行评估。如果发现占位性病变——大多通过静脉肾盂造影发现——接下来应使用超声来区分囊肿和实体肿瘤。如果无法做到这一点，或者发现了实体肿瘤，下一步应进行计算机断层扫描（用于癌症分期、血管平滑肌脂肪瘤或其他良性肿瘤的诊断，例如脂肪瘤）。血管造影作为一种侵入性检查仅在超声和计算机断层扫描无法得出诊断结果的情况下使用（药物血管造影和放大血管造影的可能性）。
