4-二甲基氨基酚、乙二胺四乙酸钴或亚硝酸钠对急性氰化物中毒犬脑血流量和窦血稳态的影响。

Effects of 4-dimethylaminophenol, Co2EDTA, or NaNO2 on cerebral blood flow and sinus blood homeostasis of dogs in connection with acute cyanide poisoning.

作者信息

Klimmek R, Roddewig C, Fladerer H, Krettek C, Weger N

出版信息

Toxicology. 1983 Feb;26(2):143-54. doi: 10.1016/0300-483x(83)90065-3.

Abstract

The effects of the cyanide antidotes DMAP, Co2EDTA, and NaNO2 on cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral blood gases were investigated in connection with acute poisoning of dogs by cyanide. The substances were injected intravenously. Local CBF as measured with thermocouples in the cingulum increased by 100-200% after a non-lethal dose of KCN (1 mg/kg) and by 50% after injection of NaNO2 (15 mg/kg), that oxidized some 20% of the total hemoglobin to ferrihemoglobin. Co2EDTA (10 mg/kg) induced a decrease in local CBF of 30% and in brain temperature of 0.5 degree C. The temperature diminished also after poisoning by KCN, but it rose by 0.15 degree C after the administration of NaNO2. Local CBF and sinus sagittalis blood flow increased by 60-160% for about 15 min, and the brain temperature decreased by 0.4-0.5 degree C when DMAP (3.25 mg/kg) or Co2EDTA (15 mg/kg) was injected 1 min after poisoning by cyanide (4 mg/kg), a dose that always caused respiratory arrest. Immediately after injection of DMAP the brain temperature rose transiently by 0.1-0.2 degree C. Co2EDTA did not exert such an effect. In the sinus sagittalis blood of artificially ventilated animals pCO2 decreased rapidly by 10-20 mmHg after poisoning and approached the initial level after treatment with DMAP or Co2EDTA. The highest value of pO2 was about 80 mmHg and 50 mmHg after injection of DMAP and Co2EDTA, respectively; thereafter pO2 declined to 20 mmHg or 40 mmHg at 20 min. The lactate concentration increased by 60-70% without tendency to return to normal.

摘要

研究了氰化物解毒剂4-二甲基氨基苯酚（DMAP）、乙二胺四乙酸钴（Co2EDTA）和亚硝酸钠（NaNO2）对犬氰化物急性中毒时脑血流量（CBF）和脑血气的影响。这些物质通过静脉注射。用热电偶在扣带回测量的局部脑血流量，在给予非致死剂量的氰化钾（KCN，1mg/kg）后增加100%-200%，在注射亚硝酸钠（15mg/kg）后增加50%，后者可将约20%的总血红蛋白氧化为高铁血红蛋白。乙二胺四乙酸钴（10mg/kg）使局部脑血流量降低30%，脑温降低0.5摄氏度。氰化钾中毒后脑温也降低，但注射亚硝酸钠后升高0.15摄氏度。在氰化物（4mg/kg）中毒1分钟后注射DMAP（3.25mg/kg）或乙二胺四乙酸钴（15mg/kg）（该剂量总会导致呼吸骤停），局部脑血流量和矢状窦血流量增加60%-160%约15分钟，脑温降低0.4-0.5摄氏度。注射DMAP后立即脑温短暂升高0.1-0.2摄氏度。乙二胺四乙酸钴无此作用。在人工通气动物的矢状窦血中，中毒后二氧化碳分压（pCO2）迅速降低10-20mmHg，用DMAP或乙二胺四乙酸钴治疗后接近初始水平。注射DMAP和乙二胺四乙酸钴后氧分压（pO2）的最高值分别约为80mmHg和50mmHg；此后20分钟时pO2降至20mmHg或40mmHg。乳酸浓度增加60%-70%，无恢复正常的趋势。